ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2025
Prevention and Reversal of Hypertension-Induced Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction by a Plant-Based Diet.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- VSMCs and the immune microenvironment: a multidimensional regulatory network driving vascular injury and repair.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- A narrative review of dietary patterns in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- A Plant-Based Diet Alleviates Molecular Pulmonary Abnormalities in Hypertension.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCoronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. CMD is driven by endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction. We aimed to test whether CMD could be mitigated by a plant-based diet (PBD) in an animal model of hypertension.
methodsWe compared 28- and 40-week-old female normotensive Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), maintained, from age 4 weeks, on a control refined diet or a PBD, composed of 28% fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes. A subset of control SHRs was switched to the PBD at 28 weeks. CMD was assessed by coronary flow reserve via echocardiogram. Cardiac microvascular endothelial function was assessed via cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Endothelial and VSMC function were assessed in the left ventricle or in isolated VSMCs. The role of gut microbiota was probed via 16S sequencing and antibiotics. Cardiac inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis were also explored.
resultsSHRs exhibited endothelial dysfunction and likely VSMC dysfunction. A PBD did not ameliorate their hypertension but, nonetheless, prevented and reversed CMD. The PBD's mitigation of CMD was associated with improved endothelial nitric oxide synthase function and nitric oxide-mediated VSMC signaling, as well as reductions in left ventricular oxidative stress, inflammatory signaling, and fibrosis. A PBD altered the gut microbiota, although antibiotic studies failed to establish its importance in ameliorating CMD.
conclusionsA PBD prevented CMD development and reversed established CMD in SHRs. Such benefits of PBD, which occurred without alleviating hypertension, were possibly due to improved endothelial function and likely improved VSMC function. These results support clinical trials to test PBDs in human CMD.
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