Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41222705›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2025

Ketone ester supplementation protects from experimental colitis via improved goblet cell differentiation and function.

Nadine Rohwer, Anika Sander, Soeren Ocvirk, Michelle Wiebel, Anja A Kühl, Nils Helge Schebb, Tilman Grune, Karsten-H Weylandt

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Total Flavonoids fromAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Nadine RohwerMedical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6170-1327
Anika SanderIntestinal Microbiology Research Group, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
Soeren OcvirkIntestinal Microbiology Research Group, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
Michelle WiebelChair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
Anja A KühliPATH.Berlin-Immunopathology for Experimental Models, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Nils Helge SchebbChair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
Tilman GruneDepartment of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
Karsten-H WeylandtMedical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany. karsten.weylandt@mhb-fontane.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeA ketogenic diet (KD), high in fat and low in carbohydrates, induces ketosis characterized by elevated circulating ketone bodies. While both KD and ketone bodies have demonstrated therapeutic potential in various pathophysiological conditions, their effect on inflammatory bowel diseases remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the impact of a KD and ketone ester (KE), an ingestible form of ketone bodies, on intestinal inflammation.

methodsAcute dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)- and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced murine colitis models were used to evaluate and compare the effects of KD feeding and KE supplementation on intestinal inflammation, the mucus barrier and gut microbiota composition.

resultsKD feeding did not significantly affect colitis activity, whereas KE supplementation alleviated colitis in both models investigated. KE-induced mitigation of colitis was associated with increased mucin2 expression, indicating enhanced colonic mucus barrier integrity. KE supplementation also improved goblet cell function and differentiation, as evidenced by increased goblet cell numbers and the upregulation of goblet cell differentiation markers. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed that KE supplementation resulted in higher abundances of mucus-degrading Akkermansia, a genus believed to play a key role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis.

conclusionThe present study suggests that KE represent an effective anti-inflammatory dietary supplement in the context of acute colitis, potentially by modulating mucin2 expression, goblet cell differentiation, and the abundance of Akkermansia. Although promising, these findings remain preliminary, and further investigations are needed to explore the therapeutic potential of KE as a dietary supplement in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Indexed as

Cell DifferentiationColitisDietary SupplementsGoblet CellsKetone BodiesKetonesAkkermansiaAnimalsDextran SulfateDiet, KetogenicDisease Models, AnimalEstersGastrointestinal MicrobiomeIntestinal MucosaMaleMiceDextran SulfateEstersKetone BodiesKetonesMucin-2Trinitrobenzenesulfonic AcidColitisGoblet cellInflammatory bowel diseaseKetogenic dietKetone esterMicrobiome

Identifiers

PMID41222705
PMCPMC12611996

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.