Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41223263›Full record

ArticleScience advances2025

Small things matter: Lack of extraislet β cells in type 1 diabetes.

Kathryn Murrall, Teifion Luckett, Christiana Lekka, Christine S Flaxman, Rebecca Wyatt, Pouria Akhbari, Irina Kusmartseva, Stephanie L Hunter, Pia Leete, Isabel Burn and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Observational
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. New and emerging therapies in type 1 diabetes mellitus.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Kathryn MurrallIslet Biology Exeter (IBEx), Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.ORCID 0009-0009-3370-6767
Teifion LuckettIslet Biology Exeter (IBEx), Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.ORCID 0009-0003-4675-2830
Christiana LekkaIslet Biology Exeter (IBEx), Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0188-7590
Christine S FlaxmanIslet Biology Exeter (IBEx), Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.ORCID 0009-0002-1144-7767
Rebecca WyattIslet Biology Exeter (IBEx), Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
Pouria AkhbariIslet Biology Exeter (IBEx), Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4127-9058
Irina KusmartsevaDepartment of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Stephanie L HunterIslet Biology Exeter (IBEx), Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.ORCID 0009-0002-4398-6204
Pia LeeteIslet Biology Exeter (IBEx), Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
Isabel BurnIslet Biology Exeter (IBEx), Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.ORCID 0009-0008-7180-706X
Elena OsokinaIslet Biology Exeter (IBEx), Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
EXE-T1D Consortium
James A M ShawTranslational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2893-3211
Noel G MorganIslet Biology Exeter (IBEx), Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
Sarah J RichardsonIslet Biology Exeter (IBEx), Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1160-6062

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent three-dimensional (3D) analyses reported an abundance of small β cell-rich endocrine objects (EOs) in the human pancreas. Here, we used archival, immunolabeled 2D pancreas sections to assess morphological EO parameters in donors with or without type 1 diabetes (T1D), varying in age and disease duration. We confirm that abundant small, insulin-positive EOs are present in donors without diabetes and comprise most of the pancreatic endocrine area in early life. Small EOs are virtually absent in individuals with T1D, and this effect is most pronounced in children diagnosed with T1D in their earliest years. We conclude that extraislet β cells are affected in T1D development, and their early loss is a characteristic feature. This finding has important implications, which will inform future screening and treatment strategies for T1D.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Insulin-Secreting CellsAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInsulinMalePancreasYoung AdultInsulin

Identifiers

PMID41223263
PMCPMC12609120

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.