Evidence mapPaperPMID 41224329Full record

ArticleJournal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis2026

An Apparent Association of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease with High Levels of Estimated Small Dense LDL Cholesterol in a Japanese Population.

Rie Matsumori, Marenao Tanaka, Tatsuya Sato, Yukinori Akiyama, Itaru Hosaka, Kei Nakata, Wataru Kawaharata, Hiroki Aida, Keitaro Nishizawa, Hidemichi Kouzu and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Rie MatsumoriDivision of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.
Marenao TanakaDivision of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.
Tatsuya SatoDivision of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.
Yukinori AkiyamaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.
Itaru HosakaDivision of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.
Kei NakataDivision of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.
Wataru KawaharataDivision of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.
Hiroki AidaDivision of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.
Keitaro NishizawaDivision of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.
Hidemichi KouzuDivision of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.
Naoya YamaDivision of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Radiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.
Nagisa HanawaDepartment of Health Checkup and Promotion, Keijinkai Maruyama Clinic.
Masato FuruhashiDivision of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Although small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) is a highly atherogenic lipid fraction, the association of the sdLDL-C level with MASLD and other steatotic liver disease (SLD) subcategories remain unclear. We investigated the association between various SLDs and the sdLDL-C level calculated by Sampson's equation.

methodsA total of 15,734 Japanese participants (men/women: 10,228/5,506, mean age: 49±9 years) who underwent annual health examinations including abdominal ultrasonography were recruited after the exclusion of subjects with triglycerides ≥ 800 mg/dL.

resultsAmong SLD subcategories including MASLD, MASLD with increased alcohol consumption (MetALD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), the mean levels of sdLDL-C and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) were the highest in participants with MASLD. Triglyceride levels were significantly lower in participants with MASLD than in those with MetALD and those with ALD. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, current smoking and alcohol drinking habits, treatment of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia, and triglyceride level, MASLD and MetALD were independently associated with sdLDL-C level, and the association was stronger in MASLD than in other SLD subcategories. The sdLDL-C level was also independently associated with each SLD subcategory after adjustment for the same covariates. The addition of sdLDL-C to traditional risk factors significantly improved the discriminatory capacity for the presence of MASLD in comparison to the addition of non-HDL-C.

conclusionMASLD is independently associated with elevated estimated sdLDL-C levels in Japanese individuals, leading to an increased risk of ASCVD.

Indexed as

BiomarkersCholesterol, LDLFatty LiverAdultEast Asian PeopleFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansJapanMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRisk FactorsTriglyceridesBiomarkersCholesterol, LDLTriglyceridesMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)Sampson’s equationSmall dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterolSteatotic liver disease

Identifiers

PMID41224329
PMCPMC13053207

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.