Evidence mapPaperPMID 41224972Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Cancer2026

Neutrophil extracellular traps in cancer.

Muhammad H Shahzad, Roni F Rayes, Jonathan Cools-Lartigue, Jonathan D Spicer

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

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  5. Comprehensive analysis ofJournal of thoracic disease · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Muhammad H ShahzadDepartment of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
Roni F RayesDepartment of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
Jonathan Cools-LartigueDepartment of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
Jonathan D SpicerDepartment of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada. Jonathan.spicer@mcgill.ca.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Within the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME), neutrophils can undergo NETosis to release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are protein-decorated DNA webs that promote cancer progression, metastasis and immune evasion. NETs promote cancer progression by fostering an immunosuppressive, pre-metastatic niche in regional lymph nodes prior to overt metastasis. Anticancer therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, chemotherapy and radiation therapy can induce the formation of NETs, which can facilitate subsequent cancer invasion, migration, metastasis and recurrence through several mechanisms that dampen antitumour immune responses and sequester neoplastic cells. Precision blood and tumour testing for the NET burden could inform both patient prognosis as well as eligibility for treatments aimed at targeting NETosis, NETs and/or neutrophils. The importance of staging with other patient and treatment factors will thus inform the design of clinical trials evaluating NET-directed therapies. In this Review, we highlight our recent understandings of NET biology in cancer, and emphasize the translational data available, as well as the need for further clinical trials evaluating NETs and NET-directed therapies.

Indexed as

Extracellular TrapsNeoplasmsNeutrophilsAnimalsHumansTumor Microenvironment

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.