ArticleBritish journal of cancer2026
Identification of serum peptide biomarkers for cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis and staging via MALDI-TOF MS and LC-MS/MS.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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17 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly aggressive malignancy frequently diagnosed at advanced stages due to the lack of effective biomarkers for early-stage detection. This study aimed to identify serum peptide biomarkers capable of distinguishing healthy individuals, benign bile duct disease, different stages of CCA, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
methodsWe analyzed 306 serum samples, comprising 50 healthy controls, 53 benign bile duct disease, 138 CCA, and 65 HCC patients. Peptide mass fingerprints (PMFs) were generated using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and a random forest model was applied to classify these groups based on PMF patterns. To complement this analysis, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was performed on pooled serum samples to identify representative peptides associated with each group.
resultsThe 94 PMFs from MALDI-TOF MS yielded high classification performance within the study cohort, with an internal accuracy of 97.96. LC-MS/MS analysis of pooled samples identified representative peptides associated with each disease group, providing complementary information to PMF-based classification. Importantly, peptide biomarkers with high classification performance were associated with specific patient groups.
conclusionThese findings suggest that serum peptide biomarkers may serve as potential signatures to support CCA diagnosis, staging, and risk stratification, offering a non-invasive approach that warrants further investigation.
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