Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41225521›Full record

SynthesisNutrition journal2025

Sweetened beverages and cardiovascular outcomes: an umbrella review of mortality and health outcomes.

Mehrdad Jamali, Paniz Anvarifard, Banafshe Hosseini, Maryam Razaghi, Leila Khorraminezhad, Ehsan Alvandi, Mona Albadawy, Meysam Zarezadeh, Ahmad Saedisomeolia

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nutrition journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mehrdad JamaliStudent Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Paniz AnvarifardStudent Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Banafshe HosseiniClinical Research and Knowledge Transfer Unit On Childhood Asthma, Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.
Maryam RazaghiDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Leila KhorraminezhadSchool of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Montreal, Canada.
Ehsan AlvandiSchool of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Mona AlbadawySchool of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia.
Meysam ZarezadehDrug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Meysam.za93@gmail.com.
Ahmad SaedisomeoliaCollege of Health Sciences, Education Centre of Australia, Parramatta, NSW, 2153, Australia. ahmad.saedisomeolia@chs.edu.au.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe increasing intake of sugar-sweetened (SSBs) and artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) raises concerns over their potential impact on cardiovascular health. This umbrella meta-analysis examines their association with cardiovascular outcomes, synthesizing existing evidence comprehensively.

methodsA systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, covering studies published up to November 2024. Eligible meta-analyses were synthesized using a random-effects model to calculate pooled effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed, and the methodological quality of studies was evaluated using AMSTAR 2 tools.

resultsNineteen meta-analyses encompassing 67 datasets met the inclusion criteria. ASB consumption was associated with a 10% increased risk of mortality (RR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.12), including an 8% increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality (RR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.11). SSB intake was linked to a 9% higher overall mortality risk (RR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.11) and a 10% increased CVD mortality risk (RR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.13). Additional cardiovascular risks associated with both beverages included hypertension (RR range: 1.12-1.19), coronary heart disease (RR range: 1.09-1.20), metabolic syndrome (RR range: 1.19-1.31), and stroke (RR range: 1.06-1.25).

conclusionThe results underscore a clear link between the intake of sweetened beverages and elevated risks of mortality and major cardiovascular outcomes, suggesting an urgent need to reduce their consumption as part of public health initiatives. Targeted strategies, including consumer education and policy interventions, may help mitigate these risks and improve cardiovascular health outcomes.

Indexed as

Artificially Sweetened BeveragesCardiovascular DiseasesSugar-Sweetened BeveragesHumansArtificially sweetened beveragesCardiovascular outcomesMeta-analysisMortalitySugar-sweetened beverages

Identifiers

PMID41225521
PMCPMC12613916

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.