Evidence mapPaperPMID 41231308Full record

ReviewCurrent atherosclerosis reports2025

Statins as Modulators of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: a Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.

Fatemeh Askarizadeh, Wael Almahmeed, Kasim Sakran Abass, Salim Virani, Amirhossein Sahebkar

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In one paragraph

Review in Current atherosclerosis reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Fatemeh AskarizadehDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Wael AlmahmeedHeart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Kasim Sakran AbassDepartment of Physiology, Biochemistry, and Pharmacology; College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, 36001, Iraq.
Salim ViraniThe Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Amirhossein SahebkarBiotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. sahebkara@mums.ac.ir.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewCardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome involves complex interactions among cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic disorders. This review provides an overview of the mechanistic aspects of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and analyzes the regulatory impact of various statins on EMT-associated signaling pathways. RECENT

findingsEMT and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) are crucial in the development of cardiac fibrosis, vascular remodeling, and interstitial fibrosis. Several signaling pathways, including the TGF-β/Smad, Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK, and Notch signaling pathways, as well as oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators, regulate these processes. Statins exert significant biological effects by downregulating proinflammatory cytokines, suppressing ROS, and inhibiting EMT-related signaling pathways. Statins can also inhibit EndoMT and reduce the progression of vascular fibrosis and atherosclerosis in the context of cardiovascular diseases. Similarly, in renal disorders such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic nephropathy, statins reduce EMT in renal tubular epithelial cells by targeting pathways such as Smad and MAPK. CKM syndrome involves complex interactions among cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic disorders. Among the factors implicated in the pathophysiology of CKM, the EMT process is recognized as a key biological process. Evidence from preclinical and clinical studies supports the emerging role of statins as promising agents in managing CKM through modulating EMT. Therefore, understanding the diverse mechanisms of statins may lead to the development of more effective therapeutic strategies against CKM's fibrotic and inflammatory complications.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesEpithelial-Mesenchymal TransitionHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsMetabolic SyndromeAnimalsFibrosisHumansSignal TransductionHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsCardiovascular diseaseCardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome (CKM)Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT)Epithelial-to- Mesenchymal transition (EMT)Renal fibrosisStatins

Identifiers

PMID41231308

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.