Trial reportScientific reports2025
A digital twin-enhanced decision support system improves time-in-range in type 1 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Metabolic Responses to Exercise and Nutritional Strategies in Type 1 Diabetes Using Automated Insulin Delivery Systems: A Narrative Review.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Narrative Review of Digital Twins in the Health Domain: Development, Application, and Evidence Consolidation.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Applications, technical foundations and challenges of digital twins for chronic disease management: A scoping review.Digital healthReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Most individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) worldwide continue to be managed with multiple daily injections or sensor-augmented pumps. Decision-support systems (DSSs) have emerged as cost-effective tools to enhance treatment adherence and glucose control. We conducted a randomized, open-label, parallel-group study to evaluate STUDIA, a DSS incorporating a digital twin-enabled simulation-assisted bolus calculator. Twenty-eight participants with T1D used either the simulation-assisted calculator or traditional carbohydrate counting for prandial insulin dosing, with glucose monitored using Freestyle Libre. After four weeks, the group using the simulation-assisted calculator showed a 7% increase in time in the target glucose range (70-180 mg/dL) compared to the control (p < 0.001), along with a lower hypoglycemia incidence rate (RR 0.31, p = 0.022). Model performance yielded a mean absolute percentage error at 60 min of 19.2 ± 6.7%, increasing at longer horizons, with most discrepancies between simulation and sensor falling into no-risk or slight-risk zones. These findings support the safety, feasibility, and potential clinical utility of the STUDIA system in people with T1D.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.