Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41233554›Full record

ArticleNature genetics2025

Genome-wide association analyses identify distinct genetic architectures for early-onset and late-onset depression.

John R Shorter, Joëlle A Pasman, Siim Kurvits, Andreas Jangmo, Joonas Naamanka, Arvid Harder, Espen Hagen, Kaarina Kowalec, Nelli Frilander, Richard Zetterberg and 22 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature genetics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Genetic interconnections between personality-related phenotypes and psychiatric disorders.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Symptom-specific genetics reveal heterogeneity within major depressive disorder.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

32 authors.

John R Shorter *Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark. johnsh@ruc.dk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4732-5526
Joëlle A Pasman *Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Siim Kurvits *Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Andreas Jangmo *Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Joonas Naamanka *SleepWell Research Program and Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Arvid HarderDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Espen HagenCentre for Precision Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1321-5970
Kaarina KowalecDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3928-9879
Nelli FrilanderSleepWell Research Program and Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Richard ZetterbergInstitute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.
Joeri J MeijsenInstitute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4161-2199
Jesper R GådinInstitute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.
Jacob BergstedtUnit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9279-6936
Ying XiongDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7644-014X
Sara HäggDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2452-1500
Mikael LandénDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4496-6451
Christian RückCentre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
John WallertCentre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1473-4916
Alkistis SkalkidouDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-7532
Elise KochCentre for Precision Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3727-4470
Bayram C AkdenizCentre for Precision Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Oleksandr FreiCentre for Precision Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6427-2625
FinnGen
Iiris HovattaSleepWell Research Program and Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5990-7892
Ted Reichborn-KjennerudDepartment of Mental Health and Suicide, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4653-0034
Thomas M WergeInstitute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-0766
Patrick F SullivanDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6619-873X
Ole A AndreassenCentre for Precision Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4461-3568
Martin TesliInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Kelli LehtoEstonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Alfonso BuilInstitute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3097-1014
Yi LuDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. lu.yi@ki.se.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9933-3654

Funding

A Trans-Nordic Study of Extreme Major DepressionR01MH123724 · NIMH · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI PATRICK F SULLIVAN, Lu Yi · 2020 to 2026
$4.7M
1/7 PGC: Advancing Discovery and ImpactR01MH124871 · NIMH · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BULIK, CYNTHIA M, SULLIVAN, PATRICK F · 2021 to 2025
$3.5M
2/2 Genetics at an extreme: an efficient genomic study of individuals with clinically severe major depression receiving ECTR01MH121545 · NIMH · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI SULLIVAN, PATRICK F · 2019 to 2023
$2.9M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH121545NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH123724NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH124871
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and heterogeneous disorder of complex etiology. Studying more homogeneous groups stratified according to clinical characteristics, such as age of onset, can improve the identification of the underlying genetic causes and lead to more targeted treatment strategies. We leveraged Nordic biobanks with longitudinal health registries to investigate differences in the genetic architectures of early-onset (eoMDD; n = 46,708 cases) and late-onset (loMDD; n = 37,168 cases) MDD. We identified 12 genomic loci for eoMDD and two for loMDD. Overall, the two MDD subtypes correlated moderately (genetic correlation, r

Indexed as

Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyMajor Depressive DisorderAdultAgedAge of OnsetFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMultifactorial InheritancePolymorphism, Single NucleotideRegistries

Identifiers

PMID41233554
PMCPMC12695632

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.