Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41234230›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2025

Single-cell atlas of human penile corpus cavernosum reveals cellular and functional heterogeneity of aging-related erectile dysfunction.

Bailing Zhang, Xueheng Zhao, Jian Cao, Zhizhong Liu, Xiaoyan Wang, Ran Li, Hao Bo, Kongrong Xu, Jingtao Guo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Bailing Zhang *State Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Xueheng Zhao *NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Jian CaoDepartment of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China.
Zhizhong LiuDepartment of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China.
Xiaoyan WangState Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Ran LiState Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Hao BoNHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Kongrong XuCenter of Reproductive Medicine, Maternity and Child Health Care of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China.
Jingtao GuoState Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: With the acceleration of the aging process, the prevalence and severity of erectile dysfunction (ED) related to aging continue to rise, significantly impacting the physical and mental health of patients and their partners. Objectives: The objective of this study was to elucidate the cellular and transcriptomic heterogeneity and immune microenvironment of the aging penile corpus cavernosum in aging-related ED (ARED), while also exploring the potential pathological mechanisms driving ARED pathogenesis. Materials and methods: In this study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on penile tissues from six older patients with ARED, including four older mild ED (OmED) and two older severe ED (OsED) cases, and compared with three younger healthy controls from public data. Results: Through clustering and comparative analysis, we identified nine major cell types including immune cells. Our research revealed the heterogeneity of smooth muscle cells (SMC), endothelial cells (EC) and immune cells in penile environment, and determined the key cell subsets, such as C1_RERGL (a subcluster of SMC) and Macro_CXCL8, and molecular features involved in the pathogenesis of ARED. Furthermore, by constructing a comprehensive cellular communication network, the signals and interactions between macrophages (Macro) and other cell types were emphasized. We found that the interaction of ligand-receptor pairs such as CXCL2/3/8 - ACKR1 and HLA-E - KLRK1 were enhanced in the ARED group. Discussion and conclusion: The mild ED phase represents a critical window of cellular functional transition in penile tissue. In ARED, we observed functional dysfunction of EC and SMC, accompanied by changed expression levels of key genes. Concurrently, the pro-inflammatory Macro_CXCL8 exhibited increased proportion in the microenvironment, which may contribute to disease progression. This work not only provides a detailed description of the cellular atlas of the aging penis but also offers new insights into its role in the pathogenesis of ARED and may provide potential targets for the development of new therapies for ARED.

Indexed as

AgingErectile DysfunctionPenisAdultAgedEndothelial CellsHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocytes, Smooth MuscleSingle-Cell AnalysisTranscriptomeaging-related EDECMacropenile tissuesingle-cell RNA sequencingSMC

Identifiers

PMID41234230
PMCPMC12605210

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.