Evidence mapPaperPMID 41236662Full record

ArticleAging clinical and experimental research2025

Association between carotene intake and hospital-acquired pneumonia in elderly men: a cross-sectional study.

Jun He, Boyang Wei, Xue-Geng Hong, Yan Gao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Aging clinical and experimental research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jun HeDepartment of Nutrition, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, 250031, People's Republic of China.
Boyang WeiDepartment of Nutrition, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, 250031, People's Republic of China.
Xue-Geng HongDepartment of Medical Services, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, 250031, People's Republic of China.
Yan GaoDepartment of General Medicine, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, 250031, People's Republic of China. gaoyantianyu74@163.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0279-0790

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundElderly inpatients are at high risk for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). The association between dietary carotene and HAP remains unclear.

methodsThis cross-sectional study included 165 patients aged ≥ 80 years. Dietary carotene intake was assessed via 72-hour recall and food weighing, analyzed using the China Food Composition Table. Based on tertiles of dietary carotene intake, patients were stratified into low- (T1, < 713.3 µg/day; n = 55), medium- (T2, 713.4-2101.4 µg/day; n = 54), and high-intake groups (T3, ≥ 2101.6 µg/day; n = 56). Multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, threshold analysis and subgroup analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between dietary carotene intake and HAP.

resultsA total of 165 hospitalized senior patients aged 80 years or older were included, with an average age of 89.7 ± 9.8 years. Of these, 30.9% (51/165) had HAP. After adjusting for confounding factors (age, BMI, co-morbidities, energy intake, etc.), the risk of pneumonia in the moderate dietary carotene intake group (T2) was 80% lower than that in the lowest dietary carotene intake group (T1) (OR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.06-0.71). Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a nonlinear association between carotene intake and HAP risk (P for nonlinearity = 0.003). The inflection point analysis indicated a significant reduction in pneumonia risk with increasing carotene intake below 1273.7 µg/d. Beyond this threshold, however, the dose-response curve plateaued, suggesting no additional benefit from higher intake. Subgroup analyses (by diabetes, CKD, nutrition risk) showed consistent results.

conclusionsIncreased dietary carotenoids intake was inversely associated with the prevalence of HAP, demonstrating a dose-response relationship below a threshold of 1273.7 µg/d.

Indexed as

CarotenoidsHealthcare-Associated PneumoniaPneumoniaAged, 80 and overChinaCross-Sectional StudiesDietHumansMaleRisk FactorsCarotenoidsCaroteneCross-sectional studyHospital-acquired pneumoniaThe elderly

Identifiers

PMID41236662
PMCPMC12618384

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.