Evidence mapPaperPMID 41238727Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash in concrete : A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Sivayogaraj A, Elavenil S

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Sivayogaraj ASchool of Civil Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology-Chennai Campus, Chennai, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1858-371X
Elavenil SSchool of Civil Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology-Chennai Campus, Chennai, India. elavenil.s@vit.ac.in.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4964-829X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash (MSWIBA), a byproduct of waste-to-energy (WtE) facilities, has emerged as a promising candidate for use both as a sustainable aggregate replacement in concrete and as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM). This systematic review and meta-analysis, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, evaluates its mechanical, durability, and environmental impacts. A literature search (2000-2025) across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Engineering Village identified 38 studies with 312 experimental groups. Random-effects meta-analysis showed that MSWIBA replacement up to 20% results in a modest reduction in compressive strength (Standardized Mean Difference [SMD] = - 0.42, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] - 0.58 to - 0.26, p < 0.001), with substantial heterogeneity (I

Indexed as

Meta-analysisMunicipal solid waste incineration bottom ashPRISMAReplacementSupplementary cementitious materialsSustainability

Identifiers

PMID41238727
PMCPMC12618590

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.