ArticleStem cell research & therapy2025
A new biological enhancement therapy for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: the preclinical proof of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with tendon graft reseeded with autologous anterior cruciate ligament-derived cells.
Article in Stem cell research & therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Osteoinductive and Biocompatibility Assessment of a 3D-Printed Polymeric-Hydroxyapatite Composite Interference Screw.Polymers · 2026Article
- Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tissue Engineering: Biological Principles, Engineered Substitutes, and Preclinical Outcomes.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe current standard of care to treat a ruptured anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is ACL reconstruction (ACLR), which involves replacing the torn ligament with a tendon graft. The implanted tendon graft undergoes a graft-maturation process known as ligamentization. However, the synthesis of type III collagen, which is typically found in weaker scar tissue, continues at higher concentrations, and the heterogeneous composition of collagen fibers of varying diameters of native ACL is never restored. Culture-expanded ACL-derived cells reseeded to tendon graft have shown the potential for enhanced ligamentization. We performed in vitro and in vivo studies of the outcomes of ACLR with decellularized tendon grafts reseeded with ACL-derived cells combined with acellularized cruciate ligament matrix (ACLM) powder as a biological scaffold. We hypothesized that this tissue-engineered construct would enhance the graft maturation process and mechanical properties of the graft following ACLR.
methodsACL-derived cells were harvested and isolated from remnants of ruptured ACLs within 4 weeks of injury in patients who had undergone ACLR. An ACLM was prepared from human ACL and posterior cruciate ligament tissues. Forty-five Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: a standard allograft group, an ACLM powder-only injection group, and an ACL-derived cells and ACLM powder co-injection group (e.g., target group). ACL-derived cells were mixed with ACLM powder and then injected into the decellularized tendon graft before ACLR.
resultsIn vitro experiments found that combining ACLM powder and ACL-derived cells improved survival and integration of reseeded cells in the tendon extracellular matrix, resulting in the successful transplantation of ACL-derived cells. Animal ACLR experiments confirmed histologically improved structural maturation in cellularity, metaplasia, and restoration of collagen crimping in the graft reseeded with ACL-derived cells and ACLM powder. Enhanced gene expression of type I collagen resulted in superior mechanical properties of the tendon graft compared with the control groups.
conclusionImplantation of a tendon graft reseeded with culture-expanded ACL-derived cells, and ACLM powder enhanced the tendon graft's maturation process and mechanical properties. We provide in vitro and in vivo proof-of-concept evidence supporting the efficacy of reseeding a tendon graft with ACL-derived cells combined with ACLM powder as a biological scaffold for ACL reconstruction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.