ArticleFrontiers in physiology2025
Effects of relaxation training after volleyball exercise on blood lactate concentration, muscle hardness, and heart rate.
Article in Frontiers in physiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Volleyball recovery optimisation is not a well-studied topic although recovery is physiologically demanding. This experiment was conducted to determine the effectiveness of guided relaxation training over passive rest based on biochemical, mechanical and autonomic recovery measures. Methods: A total of 600 adolescent volleyball athletes (16.8 ± 1.1 years) were recruited across four training centres in China. Participants completed both relaxation and passive recovery conditions in a randomised crossover design, with a one-week washout between sessions. Blood lactate, muscle hardness (via Myoton), heart rate recovery at 60 s (HRR60s), total quality recovery (TQR), and soreness using a visual analogue scale (VAS) were measured at baseline, T1 (immediate post), T2 (15 min), and T3 (30 min). Nonparametric comparisons (Mann-Whitney U test) and an aligned rank transform analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for between-group and within-group analyses, respectively. Results: At T3, mean lactate was significantly lower in the relaxation group (2.02 ± 0.72 mmol/L) than passive rest (2.76 ± 0.81 mmol/L; U = 34,011, p = 0.001). Muscle hardness reduction was greater in the relaxation group (-18.04 ± 7.12 N/m) compared to passive rest (-11.12 ± 6.87 N/m; U = 36,291, p = 0.002). HRR60s improved more markedly in the relaxation group (+31.84 ± 6.72 bpm vs. +26.91 ± 7.20 bpm; U = 33,712, p = 0.001). TQR scores were higher (15.9 ± 1.6 vs. 14.7 ± 1.9; U = 32,598, p = 0.001) and VAS soreness lower (2.4 ± 1.2 vs. 3.1 ± 1.4; U = 35,811, p = 0.001) under relaxation. Conclusion: Relaxation training enhances multidimensional recovery outcomes in competitive volleyball athletes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.