Evidence mapPaperPMID 41245536Full record

ArticleEClinicalMedicine2025

Prescribing trends and time series analysis of blood pressure-lowering drugs among patients with dementia: a multinational database study.

Edmund C L Cheung, Yunzhang Wang, Lisa Kalisch Ellett, Matthew Adesuyan, Máté Szilcz, Sonia Shah, Nicole Pratt, Ruth Brauer, Yogini H Jani, Robert D Smith and 4 more

Abstract read
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Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Edmund C L CheungCentre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Yunzhang WangDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Lisa Kalisch EllettQuality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Matthew AdesuyanResearch Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK.
Máté SzilczDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sonia ShahInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Nicole PrattQuality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Ruth BrauerResearch Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK.
Yogini H JaniResearch Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK.
Robert D SmithDepartment of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
Hao LuoSchool of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Jacqueline K YuenDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Sara HäggDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Celine S L ChuiCentre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is common among people living with dementia and blood pressure-lowering drug (BPLD) treatment in dementia patients may vary widely between individuals and countries/regions. This study aimed to describe and evaluate how prescribing trends of BPLD change before and after incident dementia diagnosis using electronic health record databases across four countries/regions. Methods: Electronic health records were collected from Hong Kong, United Kingdom, Sweden, and Australia for this study. Study dates were based on data availability from each database and ranged from January 1st, 2000 to December 31st, 2020. The target population were people diagnosed with dementia, with a prior diagnosis of hypertension and prescription of BPLD. Time series analysis, similar to interrupted time series, was conducted to evaluate the prescribing trends of BPLD three years before and after dementia diagnosis. The primary outcome of interest was the monthly proportion of patients prescribed with a BPLD. Findings: 31,873 patients from Hong Kong, 59,108 from the UK, 5034 from Sweden and 12,807 from Australia were included in this study. The mean age ranged from 78.3 years in Australia to 81.1 years in Hong Kong at time series entry. BPLD prescribing decreased in the three years before dementia diagnosis (negative pre-dementia slope) across all four databases. A significant immediate increase in antihypertensive prescribing was observed immediately after incident dementia diagnosis in Hong Kong (Estimate∗100: 4.66, 95% CI: 3.79-5.53), Sweden (Estimate∗100: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.60-2.88), and Australia (Estimate∗100: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.07-2.09), while there was no significant level change in the UK. BPLD prescribing declined in the three years after diagnosis for all databases. Interpretation: This is the largest multinational population-based study to date investigating prescribing trends of BPLD before and after dementia diagnosis. The time series analysis results suggested that there was increased vigilance of blood pressure control shortly after dementia diagnosis. Funding: This study was supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council General Research Fund, No. 17113720.

Indexed as

Antihypertensive drugsBlood pressure-lowering drugsDementiaHypertensionPrescribing trends

Identifiers

PMID41245536
PMCPMC12613062

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.