Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41246076›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in public health2025

Optimizing influenza prevention: a systematic review of the cost-effectiveness of pediatric vaccination programs and vaccine types.

Nilay Aksoy, Nur Ozturk, Tamas Agh, Przemyslaw Kardas, Bayram Şahin

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nilay AksoyDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Altınbaş University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Nur OzturkClinical Pharmacy PhD Program, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Tamas AghSyreon Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary.
Przemyslaw KardasMedication Adherence Research Centre, Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Bayram ŞahinFaculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Health Care Management, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Seasonal influenza is a major cause of illness and death worldwide. Vaccination remains the cornerstone of prevention, with options including trivalent inactivated (TIV), quadrivalent inactivated (QIV), and live-attenuated vaccines. This study aimed to provide a systematic overview of the cost-effectiveness of pediatric influenza vaccination programs, with a particular focus on comparing different vaccine types. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases for records published between 2013 and 2024. The target population included individuals younger than 18 years. The primary research question was: Which influenza vaccines, trivalent, quadrivalent, or live-attenuated, are more cost-effective, and how does introducing seasonal vaccination for children under 18 influence healthcare costs and health outcomes? Data extraction was performed using a structured Excel spreadsheet. Results: This review included 33 studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most studies support the conclusion that vaccinating children is an effective and cost-effective strategy for reducing influenza transmission. Cost-effectiveness varied depending on epidemiological and demographic factors, the type of vaccine used, and age group differences, which were influenced by the analytical perspective and local health and economic conditions. Conclusion: This review confirms that pediatric influenza vaccination is a cost-effective intervention, particularly with quadrivalent vaccines. The optimal choice of vaccine and strategy should be tailored to local population needs and economic conditions to maximize public health benefits.

Indexed as

Cost-Benefit AnalysisImmunization ProgramsInfluenza, HumanInfluenza VaccinesVaccinationAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolHumansInfantInfluenza Vaccinescost-effectivenesslive-attenuated vaccinepediatric influenza vaccinationpharmacoeconomicsquadrivalent vaccine

Identifiers

PMID41246076
PMCPMC12611858

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.