Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41246469›Full record

ArticleIJTLD open2025

Feasibility and acceptability of self-testing for COVID-19 in Ethiopia: a mixed-methods study.

I Mitiku, S Keller, A Abera, H Hailu, Y Demissie, D Melese, L Chala, N Madden, R Powers, C Mulder and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in IJTLD open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

I MitikuKNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.
S KellerKNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, the Netherlands.
A AberaEthiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.
H HailuKNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.
Y DemissieKNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.
D MeleseEthiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.
L ChalaKNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.
N MaddenKNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, the Netherlands.
R PowersKNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, the Netherlands.
C MulderKNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, the Netherlands.
R PeregrinoAurum Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa.
A BedruKNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.
I SpruijtKNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, the Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCOVID-19 self-testing can enhance early detection to prevent disease transmission. We assessed the feasibility and acceptability of COVID-19 self-testing in Ethiopia to inform the development of national self-testing guidelines.

methodsWe conducted a mixed-methods study and invited clients presenting to health facilities with COVID-19 symptoms or considered high risk for infection for rapid antigen detection (Ag-RDT) self-testing, using nasal swabs. We described client characteristics, self-test, and survey results and used logistic regression to determine predictors for the likeliness of future self-test use. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 13 clients, 8 health workers, and 8 decision makers and used a thematic analysis approach.

resultsOf 359 invited clients, 338 (94.2%) accepted and performed COVID-19 self-testing. 79.9% clients experienced self-testing as very easy and 73.7% reported likeliness of future self-test use, which was predicted by higher perceived risk of infection (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-7.45) and higher educational level (AOR: 5.45; 95% CI: 1.94-15.28). Interviewees perceived self-testing acceptable and feasible if it is available, affordable, and supported by culturally and linguistically sensitive video and written instruction materials.

conclusionCOVID-19 self-testing is acceptable and feasible if implementation is accompanied by educational campaigns to empower clients to conduct self-testing.

Indexed as

Ag-RDTimplementationqualitative studySARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID41246469
PMCPMC12617086

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.