Evidence mapPaperPMID 41246621Full record

ReviewCureus2025

The Impact of Conservative Versus Pharmacological Management on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Eberechukwu Ikwuanusi, Itihad Yafai, Emmanuel Emovon

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Eberechukwu IkwuanusiMedicine, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, GBR.
Itihad YafaiHospital-Based Medicine, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, GBR.
Emmanuel EmovonObstetrics and Gynaecology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals, Birmingham, GBR.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication in pregnancy. Its early identification through targeted screening and timely management with lifestyle or pharmacological interventions is essential to optimise outcomes. Current evidence on GDM management is limited, with few studies directly comparing conservative measures with pharmacological therapy. This review evaluates the impact of conservative versus pharmacological management on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Databases and grey literature were searched, and identified studies were screened using pre-defined eligibility criteria. Data were extracted from the included studies, and study quality was appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were pooled in a meta-analysis. Conservative management was associated with a 30% reduction in adverse maternal outcomes (risk ratio (RR) 0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.50-0.98, p=0.04) and a 26% reduction in adverse neonatal outcomes (RR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.60-0.96, p=0.02). Subgroup analyses revealed no significant differences between pharmacological therapies. Overall, conservative management of GDM appears to improve both maternal and neonatal outcomes compared to pharmacological management. These findings support lifestyle-based interventions as a safe and effective option, though further research is needed to confirm clinical benefits and refine clinical guidance.

Indexed as

conservative managementgestational diabetes mellitus (gdm)maternal clinical outcomesneonatal clinical outcomespharmacological management

Identifiers

PMID41246621
PMCPMC12616195

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.