ArticleGigaScience2025
Chromosome-level assemblies of two hexaploid bamboos, Thyrsostachys oliveri and Thyrsostachys siamensis, provide a foundation for functional and comparative genomics studies.
Article in GigaScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genomic Expansion and Subgenome Expression Divergence of Sugar Transporters During Polyploid Evolution of Bamboos.Biology · 2026Article
- Chromosome-level genome assemblies of Brownlowia tersa and Brownlowia argentata (Brownlowioideae: Malvaceae).Scientific data · 2026Article
- From rhizome diffusion to programmable architecture: a systems framework for controllable spatial expansion in bamboo and other clonal plants.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Review
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Abstract
backgroundBamboo is an important nontimber forest resource with significant ecological and economic value. However, genomic resources for several bamboo lineages remain scarce.
resultsWe present the first chromosome-scale genome assemblies for 2 economically important Thai woody bamboos, Thyrsostachys oliveri and Thyrsostachys siamensis. Using single-tube long-fragment read (stLFR) sequencing integrated with chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) scaffolding, we assembled 35 pseudochromosomes spanning 990 Mb (N50 = 22.18 Mb) for T. oliveri and 1.14 Gb (N50 = 19.45 Mb) for T. siamensis. The T. oliveri and T. siamensis genome assemblies contain 51,191 and 67,483 predicted genes, with repeat contents of 50.9% and 48.8%, respectively. BUSCO completeness scores reached 97.4% for T. oliveri and 95.2% for T. siamensis, indicating near-complete coverage of the conserved gene space. Comparative analyses revealed that Thyrsostachys formed a sister group to Dendrocalamus, and the 2 Thyrsostachys species diverged approximately 5.4 million years ago. Both species have undergone a recent whole-genome duplication event. Gene family analysis identified species-specific gene families associated with root development and carbohydrate metabolism in T. oliveri and histone binding and proteasome pathways in T. siamensis. Moreover, homoeolog suppression was more frequent than single-homoeolog dominance, and subgenome-specific expression biases differed between species.
conclusionsThese genome assemblies fill a critical gap in bamboo genomics and provide a foundation for evolutionary, functional, and breeding research in hexaploid woody bamboos. They also serve as valuable reference genomes for comparative studies within and across bamboo species.
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