ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025
Thalamus-cortex interactions drive cell type-specific cortical development in human pluripotent stem cell-derived assembloids.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tutorial: interrogating biology using organoid technologies.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- Fibrinogen as a Driver of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Fetal Brain After Maternal Influenza.Research square · 2026Article
- Next-Generation Strategies for Neural Repair and Regeneration: Neural Organoid Transplantation in the CNS.Cell proliferation · 2026Review
- Organoids Gone Viral: A Comprehensive Review on Human Organoid Models to Study Viral Pathogenesis.Viruses · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
The thalamus is pivotal for the development and function of neural circuits in the cerebral cortex. However, how thalamus-cortex interactions influence human cortical development remains unknown primarily because of the inaccessibility of the human embryonic brain. Here, we demonstrate thalamus-dependent gene expression, circuit organization, and neural activity during corticogenesis using human thalamocortical assembloids (hThCAs). Human cortical (hCOs) and thalamic organoids derived from induced pluripotent stem cells exhibited region-specific gene expression and spontaneous neuronal activity. Upon the fusion of these organoids, hThCAs reconstructed reciprocal thalamus-cortex axonal projections and synaptic connections. Transcriptomic analysis revealed thalamus-dependent acceleration of cortical maturation, with upregulation of programs linked to axon development, subplate/cortical plate identity, and activity-regulated genes. Histological analysis showed expanded progenitor pools and increased deep-layer neurons within hThCAs. Wide-field Ca
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