Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41248372›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Frailty and the risk of ICU-acquired infections in a randomised trial: a protocol and statistical analysis plan.

Shannon M Fernando, John Muscedere, Bram Rochwerg, Jennie Johnstone, Nick Daneman, John C Marshall, François Lauzier, Jill C Rudkowski, Yaseen M Arabi, Diane Heels-Ansdell and 9 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02462590 (Probiotics to Prevent Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02462590 phase4completednot on this map

Probiotics to Prevent Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial (PROSPECT)

TypeinterventionalSponsorMcMaster UniversityRan2015 to 2020Enrolled2,650ConditionsVentilator Associated Pneumonia, Infections, C-Difficile, Antibiotic-associated DiarrheaArmsL. rhamnosus GG - Probiotic, Placebo - Microcrystalline Cellulose
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Shannon M FernandoDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4549-4289
John MuscedereDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9027-7198
Bram RochwergDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Jennie JohnstoneDepartment of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3785-6617
Nick DanemanDepartment of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8827-3764
John C MarshallInterdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7902-6291
François LauzierDepartments of Medicine, Anesthesiology, and Critical Care, Université Laval, Quebec City, Québec, Canada.
Jill C RudkowskiDepartments of Medicine, Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1361-3319
Yaseen M ArabiIntensive Care Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5735-6241
Diane Heels-AnsdellDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4362-801X
Wendy SliglDepartments of Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4963-0401
Arnold S KristofDepartment of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2980-8540
Erick DuanDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-3573-7754
Joanna C DionneDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9401-6868
Charles St-ArnaudDepartment of Critical Care, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7257-8491
Steven ReynoldsDepartment of Critical Care, Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2624-640X
Kosar KhwajaDepartment of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1660-3565
Deborah J CookDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada debcook@mcmaster.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4087-543X
PROSPECT Investigators and the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDysregulated immunity may account for an increased risk of infection and other adverse outcomes among frail hospitalised persons. The primary objective of this study is to examine whether baseline frailty is associated with the risk of developing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) or other intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infections among invasively ventilated adults. Additional objectives are to examine the relationship between frailty and hospital length of stay, discharge to a long-term care facility and vital status. We hypothesise that persons with frailty compared with others would have an increased risk of VAP and other infections, a longer hospital stay, higher probability of discharge to a long-term care facility and higher mortality. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This is a preplanned secondary analysis of the PROSPECT trial ( ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Participating hospital research ethics board approved the PROSPECT trial and data collection. The protocol for this study was approved by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board on 20 August 2015 (Project ID:19128). This study will identify whether frailty is associated with risk of VAP and other healthcare-associated infections in invasively ventilated patients, adjusted for other baseline factors. Results may be useful to patients, their caregivers, clinicians and the design of future research. Findings will be disseminated to investigators at a meeting of the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. We will present study results at an international conference in the fields of critical care and infectious diseases, to coincide with or precede open-access peer-review publication. To aid knowledge dissemination, we will use a variety of formats. For example, for traditional and social media, we will create two different visual abstracts and infographics of our results suitable to share on clinician-facing and public-facing platforms. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02462590.

Indexed as

Cross InfectionFrailtyIntensive Care UnitsPneumonia, Ventilator-AssociatedAgedFemaleHumansLength of StayMaleProportional Hazards ModelsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicResearch DesignRespiration, ArtificialRisk FactorsAdult intensive & critical careClinical TrialFrailtyGastrointestinal MicrobiomeINFECTIOUS DISEASES

Identifiers

PMID41248372
PMCPMC12625914

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.