ArticleMycoses2025
The First Isolation of Multiple Antifungal-Drug-Resistant Trichophyton Rubrum in China and the Novel Resistance Mechanism.
Article in Mycoses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- DNA methylation is associated with phenotypic divergence between the dermatophytes Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton violaceum.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026Article
- Intraspecific Variations and Characteristics of Clinical, Physiological, and Antifungal Susceptibility Profiles of Trichophyton rubrum in Southwest China.Mycopathologia · 2026Article
- Biological Activity of Stilbenoids Against Fungal, Parasitic, and Viral Pathogens.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The First Isolation of Multiple Antifungal-Drug-Resistant Trichophyton Rubrum in China and the Novel Resistance Mechanism.Mycoses · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study reports the first isolation of a multidrug-resistant Trichophyton rubrum strain in China, characterizing its drug resistance profile and mechanisms.
methodsThe isolate was identified by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) was performed according to the M38-A3 CLSI guideline to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against eight antifungals (terbinafine, itraconazole, fluconazole, amorolfine, griseofulvin, voriconazole, luliconazole and amphotericin B). Whole genome sequencing (WGS), transcriptome sequencing and qRT-PCR were performed to explore the resistance mechanism.
resultsThe multidrug-resistant T. rubrum strain L-6424 was isolated from a Chinese patient with generalised tinea corporis/cruris, tinea unguium and tinea manuum. It exhibited elevated MICs to terbinafine (2 mg/L), itraconazole (0.5 mg/L), and amorolfine (0.5 mg/L). The phylogenetic tree based on genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showed L-6424 is not a novel genotype of T. rubrum, with high genetic similarity (99.94%) with the reference strain (CBS 139224). There were three amino acid substitutions in the squalene epoxidase (SQLE), including the previously reported F397L and H440Y, as well as a newly discovered V105M, and one amino acid substitution in the CYP51A (R239C) was identified. Also, significant differences at the transcriptome level between the drug-resistant and sensitive strains were observed, and it was screened and found that CYP51A, TruMDR5 and TERG_08139 may be related to azole resistance.
conclusionsDrug-resistant T. rubrum has emerged in China, indicating the possibly increasing severity of antifungal resistance. The complex mechanism of multidrug-resistant dermophytes poses challenges to clinical treatment, needing more attention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.