Evidence mapPaperPMID 41254247Full record

ReviewMolecular neurobiology2025

Targeted Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Across the Blood-Brain Barrier in Early and Late Stages of Alzheimer's Disease: A Review.

Urszula Kochman, Hanna Sitka, Julia Kuźniar, Magdalena Czaja, Patrycja Kozubek, Jan Aleksander Beszłej, Jerzy Leszek

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecular neurobiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Urszula KochmanStudent Scientific Group of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369, Wroclaw, Poland. urszulakochman@gmail.com.
Hanna SitkaStudent Scientific Group of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369, Wroclaw, Poland.
Julia KuźniarStudent Scientific Group of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369, Wroclaw, Poland.
Magdalena CzajaStudent Scientific Group of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369, Wroclaw, Poland.
Patrycja KozubekStudent Scientific Group of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369, Wroclaw, Poland.
Jan Aleksander BeszłejDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369, Wroclaw, Poland.
Jerzy LeszekDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369, Wroclaw, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents important challenges for treatment. One significant factor that may reduce the effectiveness of therapy is the limited drug delivery to the brain due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Advancements in nanotechnology are offering innovative solutions to bypass this obstacle. This review highlights the role of targeted nanoparticles (NPs) as effective drug carriers across the BBB for both early and late stages of AD. The distinct pathophysiological traits of these stages-such as amyloid aggregation, abnormal accumulation of tau protein, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress-are examined for their impact on therapy. The analysis includes lipid-based, polymeric, and inorganic NPs, exploring their unique properties for drug delivery. Strategies to target NPs to brain tissues affected by AD are discussed, emphasizing surface modifications to enhance BBB permeability. Uptake mechanisms like receptor-mediated and adsorptive-mediated transcytosis are detailed alongside safety, toxicity, and biocompatibility evaluations to assess clinical feasibility. Key findings indicate that targeted NPs significantly improve brain drug bioavailability and enable stage-specific therapeutic interventions, addressing challenges unique to early and late AD. Future research should focus on optimizing NP design for enhanced targeting specificity and minimizing long-term toxicity, ultimately paving the way for personalized nanomedicine approaches in AD treatment.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseBlood-Brain BarrierDrug Delivery SystemsNanoparticlesAnimalsDrug CarriersHumansDrug CarriersAdsorptive-mediated transcytosisAlzheimer’s diseaseBlood–brain barrierNanoparticlesReceptor-mediated transcytosis

Identifiers

PMID41254247
PMCPMC12627166

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.