SynthesisBMC psychiatry2025
Brain-behavior relationships in task-based fMRI assessments of executive functions in children and adolescents with and without ADHD: a systematic review and ALE meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reading Disabilities With and Without Co-Occurring ADHD: No Evidence for Additive Impact on Reading Skills.Scientific studies of reading : the official journal of the Society for the Scientific Study of Reading · 2026Article
- Review
- Effects of video game-based interventions on executive functions and motor skills in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Review
- Executive Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorder Is Associated With Increased Cerebro-Cerebellar Resting-State Functional Connectivity.Neural plasticity · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder affecting about 5% of children and adolescents worldwide. ADHD symptoms often reflect impairments in executive functions (EFs). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), particularly task-based fMRI (tb-fMRI), has been crucial in studying the neural mechanisms behind ADHD and its EF deficits. However, few studies have examined differences in brain activation and behavioral outcomes between children with and without ADHD using tb-fMRI, or the correlation between brain activation and behavior.
methodsThis meta-analysis aimed to summarize evidence using activation likelihood estimation (ALE) analysis to identify differences in EFs and brain activation during tb-fMRI between children with and without ADHD. We retrieved published studies from PsychINFO, CINAHL Ultimate, Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed and Web of Science from inception through April 2024.
resultsFollowing systematic review guidelines, 32 studies using tb-fMRI to compare children with and without ADHD during EF tasks were included in the ALE analysis. Children with ADHD showed significant differences in inhibitory control and working memory compared to controls. They exhibited reduced activation during EF tasks in areas such as the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, inferior parietal gyrus, angular gyrus, caudate, occipital gyrus, and cerebellum. Correlation analyses revealed positive associations between brain activation and inhibitory control in the inferior frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex in the ADHD group, suggesting a link between increased neural activity and better EF performance.
conclusionThe results of this study enhance our understanding of ADHDs pathophysiology and suggest potential pathways for developing interventions and therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.