ArticleAIDS research and therapy2025
Biomarkers influence kidney function estimates more so than race among persons with HIV.
Article in AIDS research and therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundWe sought to understand the results of using different estimating equations (with and without a "race" category) and the addition of cystatin C as a biomarker on Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) stage estimates among persons with HIV (PWH), for whom CKD is an important comorbidity.
methodsBiomarkers were measured in this cross-sectional single site U.S. clinic-based study from 2014 to 2016. Other laboratory and clinical data were abstracted from the electronic health record based on the last recorded value proximal to the study visit. Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) glomerular filtration estimating equations with and without cystatin C were applied to categorize CKD stage, and staging agreement was assessed using the difference of proportions test. Multivariable regression analyses evaluated factors associated with CKD stage, and the Breslow-Day test evaluated whether race served as an effect modifier.
resultsAmong 306 PWH, the median age was 48.2 years, 86 (28%) were female, 185 (61%) were Black, 91 (30%) Caucasian, 13 (4%) Latinx, and 46 (15%) had hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection. The median CD4 + T-lymphocyte count was 659/mm
conclusionAmong PWH, cystatin C shifted estimates of kidney function towards normal and resulted in shifts in kidney function categorization much more so than the race effect. As some antiretrovirals raise creatinine without affecting GFR, cystatin C is an important biomarker to confirm diminished kidney function among persons with HIV.
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