Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41258466›Full record

ArticleRheumatology international2025

Low vaccination uptake and attitudes towards COVID-19, influenza, and Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccines: a cross-sectional survey of patients with rheumatic diseases.

Angela Ribić, Matea Martinić, Mislav Čaić, Marija Šćepović Ljucović, Iva Šaravanja, Branimir Anić, Miroslav Mayer

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Article in Rheumatology international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Angela RibićSpecial Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation, 42223, Varaždinske Toplice, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-0241-4418
Matea MartinićDivision of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia. mateamisetic1@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1824-4295
Mislav ČaićDivision of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7711-3666
Marija Šćepović LjucovićDivision of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9304-9211
Iva ŠaravanjaClinical department of immunology and rheumatology, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, 88000, Bosnia and Herzegovina.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-7925-1707
Branimir AnićDivision of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4940-0577
Miroslav MayerDivision of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9951-6610

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are at increased risk for vaccine-preventable infections (VPIs), yet vaccination uptake remains suboptimal in European countries. This is the first study that assessed vaccination rates, adverse events, and attitudes toward COVID-19, influenza, and S. pneumoniae vaccines among IMID patients in Croatia. We conducted a cross-sectional survey (May–October 2023) using an adapted and translated version of the COVID-Vaccination Attitude Scale (C-VAS) incorporating Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs. Adult IMID patients under rheumatology follow-up for ≥3 years at a tertiary centre were invited to participate. Data were verified against medical records. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and Mann–Whitney U tests compared vaccination status with sociodemographic variables and HBM constructs. 71 patients (median age 55 years; 73% female) were analysed. Vaccination rates were 69% for COVID-19, 35.2% for influenza, and 16.9% for S. pneumoniae. COVID-19, influenza, and S. pneumoniae infections were reported in 64.8%, 12.7%, and 4.2% of patients, respectively. Influenza vaccination was significantly associated with employment/retirement, age ≥50 years, and prior influenza infection. Vaccination against S. pneumoniae was more frequent in men. Adverse events were uncommon; serious vaccine-related events occurred only after COVID-19 vaccination (n = 2), whereas more severe complications followed infections. Vaccinated patients showed significantly higher perceived benefits, severity, and risk, and lower perceived barriers, across most HBM domains. In this study, uptake od influenza and S. pneumoniae was low among patients with IMIDs despite a favourable safety profile and more severe outcomes from infection than vaccination. Targeted education addressing perceived barriers and improving risk perception may increase vaccine uptake. Further randomized studies in IMID populations are warranted.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeInfluenza, HumanInfluenza VaccinesPneumococcal VaccinesRheumatic DiseasesVaccinationVaccination HesitancyAdultAgedCroatiaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleCOVID-19 VaccinesInfluenza VaccinesPneumococcal VaccinesAttitudesAutoimmune diseasesCovid-19, influenzaRheumatologySLES. pneumoniaeSurveys and questionnairesVaccination

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.