Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41261303›Full record

SynthesisCurrent allergy and asthma reports2025

Restoring the Sense of Smell: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Biologic Therapies for Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.

Christian K Pedersen, Vibeke Backer, Jens Even Tidemandsen, Simon Høj, Marie Høxbro, Anne-Sophie Homøe, Kasper Aanæs, Christian von Buchwald

RetractedAbstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-AnalysisRetracted Publication
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Current allergy and asthma reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Christian K Pedersen *Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. christian.korsgaard.pedersen.01@regionh.dk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4561-1556
Vibeke Backer *Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7806-7219
Jens Even TidemandsenDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-6924-1218
Simon HøjDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1576-3679
Marie HøxbroDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-0924
Anne-Sophie HomøeDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-9716-6501
Kasper AanæsDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7353-0817
Christian von BuchwaldDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6753-8129

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewSmell loss is among the most debilitating symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). We aimed to synthesize current evidence on the smell-restoring efficacy of biologics, focusing on outcomes measured by psychophysical tests. RECENT

findingsBiologics mark a paradigm shift in the management of refractory CRSwNP, offering targeted, effective and safe treatment options. However, their relative impact on psychophysical smell outcomes remains uncertain. With several biologics now approved and real-world evidence emerging, a comprehensive evaluation is needed. This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of 8 RCTs (n = 2,024) and an additional review of 20 cohorts (n = 1,685). Among RCTs, biologic treatment produced a moderate to large pooled improvement in psychophysical smell scores (standardized mean difference, [SMD] = 0.72 (95% CI 0.32-1.13), p = 0.0004). The effect differed between drugs (χ² = 23.95, p < 0.0002). Dupilumab showed the largest improvements across four RCTs (SMD = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.35-1.97). In single RCTs, benralizumab showed large effect (1.03, 0.55-1.51), tezepelumab (0.56, 0.46-0.67), telikibart (0.35, 0.11-0.59), and omalizumab (0.27, 0.15-0.40) yielded modest but significant improvements. Mepolizumab showed no effect (0.1330 (95% CI -0.2490-0.5150). Blood-eosinophil level correlated with treatment response (p < 0.001). The cohort studies supported the findings (SMD = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.99-1.42), though most data were derived from studies of dupilumab. Overall, biologics substantially improve psychophysically measured olfactory function in CRSwNP. Future head-to-head trials are warranted to delineate comparative efficacy of smell recovery.

Indexed as

Biological ProductsBiological TherapyNasal PolypsOlfaction DisordersRhinosinusitisSmellChronic DiseaseHumansTreatment OutcomeBiological ProductsChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP)Monoclonal antibodiesOlfactionSmell lossType-2 inflammation

Identifiers

PMID41261303
PMCPMC12630158

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.