SynthesisBMC psychiatry2025
Efficacy of game-based interventions on cognitive performance in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Multimodal Digital Therapeutics Enhanced by Task Design and AI for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Core Symptoms and Executive Functions in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Exercise Interventions and Attentional Performance in Children and Adolescents: Evidence from Randomized Controlled Trials.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by cognitive deficits in areas such as attention, working memory, and executive function. Traditional treatments often address behavioral symptoms but may not fully target cognitive impairments. Game-based interventions (GBIs) have emerged as potential tools to enhance cognitive performance in children and adolescents with ADHD.
methodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of GBIs in improving cognitive outcomes in children and adolescents with ADHD. A comprehensive search of databases, including PubMed, Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, identified 20 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 1,376 participants. Studies were included based on cognitive performance measures such as attention, metacognition, and executive function. Standardized Mean Differences (SMD) were calculated, and subgroup analyses were conducted based on intervention modality, session length, duration, and setting.
resultsThe meta-analysis revealed a moderate overall effect size of GBIs on cognitive performance (SMD = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.143 to 0.697, p < 0.01), with large heterogeneity (I
conclusionGBIs show moderate efficacy in enhancing cognitive functions, particularly attention, cognitive flexibility, and working memory, in children and adolescents with ADHD. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution due to the substantial heterogeneity across studies. Future research could prioritize standardized outcome measures and multicentre RCTs across diverse cultural contexts to strengthen the evidence base. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.