Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41262811›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Funding Trends and Gender Disparities in Tanzanian Biomedical Research: Insights From Global Health Funding Databases.

Raphael Z Sangeda, Siana Nkya, Upendo Masamu, Rehema C Mallya, Magdalena Lyimo, Bruno P Mmbando, Nahya Salim

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Raphael Z SangedaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, TZA.
Siana NkyaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, TZA.
Upendo MasamuMuhimbili Sickle Cell Programme, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, TZA.
Rehema C MallyaDirectorate of Library Services, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, TZA.
Magdalena LyimoDepartment of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, TZA.
Bruno P MmbandoDepartment of Public Health, Biostatistics and ICT, National Institute for Medical Research, Tanga, TZA.
Nahya SalimDepartment of Paediatric and Child Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, TZA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Research funding is crucial for advancing scientific knowledge and innovation. Understanding patterns and trends in research funding, including potential gender disparities, can provide valuable insights for policymakers, funding agencies, and researchers. This study aimed to analyze the distribution of research funding in Tanzania, identify major contributors, uncover trends over the past years, and examine gender disparities among principal investigators (PIs). Methods Data from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding database and World RePORT were utilized. Data cleaning and preprocessing ensured consistency and accuracy, with funding amounts converted to common currency (USD) for analysis. Statistical and trend analyses were performed to identify key patterns, focusing on funding distribution by research organization, funding organization, fiscal year, type of record, and PI gender. Results A total of $218,409,329 were distributed across 438 projects led by 324 unique PIs. Male PIs accounted for 228 (70.4%), females for 91 (28.1%), and five (1.5%) were of unspecified gender. Collaborative projects comprised 374 entries ($158,121,528.60), and direct funding accounted for 64 projects ($60,287,799.96). The European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership contributed the most ($165,598,586; 75.8%), followed by the Wellcome Trust ($12,282,858; 5.6%) and the European Commission ($12,017,629; 5.5%). Funding rose steadily, peaking in 2020 and 2022 at over US $40 million. The National Institute for Medical Research received the highest total cost (US$95,453,357; 43.7%). Male PIs led more projects and received $49,038,802, compared to $22,475,127 for female PIs. In 2023, however, female PIs received more funding ($5,517,171) than male PIs ($4,354,089), reversing previous trends. Conclusions Research funding in Tanzania remains concentrated among a few institutions and is dominated by one major donor. Although overall funding has increased, significant gender disparities persist. The 2023 shift toward greater female PI funding is promising but requires sustained policy attention. These insights can inform equitable research and investment strategies for Tanzania.

Indexed as

funding organizationsfunding trendsgender disparitiesnational institutes of health (nih)research fundingresearch institutionstanzaniaworld report

Identifiers

PMID41262811
PMCPMC12626341

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.