Evidence mapPaperPMID 41265170Full record

SynthesisInternational dental journal2026

Association Between Body Mass Index and Dental Caries Severity in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Yan Hua, Feiruo Hong, Yuxin Xu, Jinhua Liu, Xuefen Yu

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International dental journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yan HuaStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical, Hangzhou, China.
Feiruo HongStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical, Hangzhou, China; School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Yuxin XuStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical, Hangzhou, China.
Jinhua LiuStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical, Hangzhou, China.
Xuefen YuStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical, Hangzhou, China. Electronic address: yuxf@zju.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

INTRODUCTION AND

aimsWhile the association between body mass index (BMI) and dental caries in adults is debated, prior meta-analyses have primarily focused on caries prevalence using dichotomous outcomes. This study offers a novel approach by aiming to quantitatively synthesize the relationship between BMI and the burden of dental caries, using continuous data from the mean DMFT (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) and DT (decayed teeth) indices in adults.

methodsPubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched through March 2025 for observational studies comparing DMFT/DT scores across BMI categories in adults. Methodological quality was assessed using the AHRQ checklist. Data were pooled using random-effects models, with subgroup analyses conducted to explore heterogeneity. Evidence certainty was evaluated using the GRADE framework.

resultsTwelve cross-sectional studies (n = 85,975) were included. Obese adults had higher DMFT scores than normal-weight individuals (WMD: 1.75, 95% CI: 0.05-3.46), though statistical significance was lost in sensitivity analysis. A more robust association was found for the combined overweight/obese group (WMD: 1.28, 95% CI: 0.17-2.39). For DT, significant associations emerged only in high-income countries for overweight (WMD: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.39-0.81) and combined overweight/obese categories (WMD: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.40-0.78). No significant associations were identified for underweight individuals.

conclusionsOur findings provide quantitative evidence for associations between excess body weight and cumulative dental caries burden in adults. The observed heterogeneity and low evidence certainty, particularly the influence of national income levels, highlight the complexity of this association and underscore the need for cautious interpretation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Findings support considering oral health in obesity management. Clinicians should recognize that excess body weight may indicate not just a higher risk of having caries, but a greater severity of the disease burden.

Indexed as

Body Mass IndexDental CariesAdultDMF IndexHumansObesityOverweightPrevalenceSeverity of Illness IndexAdultsBody mass indexDental cariesObesitySystematic review

Identifiers

PMID41265170
PMCPMC12666835

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.