Evidence mapPaperPMID 41265864Full record

ArticleContact dermatitis2026

The Association of Hair Dye Use With Sociodemographic and Lifestyle Factors in the Dutch General Population: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Study.

Fieke M Rosenberg, Robert F Ofenloch, Peter J van der Most, Laura Loman, Harold Snieder, Marie L A Schuttelaar

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Contact dermatitis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Fieke M RosenbergDepartment of Dermatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6499-2684
Robert F OfenlochOccupational Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3532-6110
Peter J van der MostDepartment of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8450-3518
Laura LomanDepartment of Dermatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2731-9284
Harold SniederDepartment of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1949-2298
Marie L A SchuttelaarDepartment of Dermatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0766-4382

Funding

Dutch Ministry of Economic AffairsDutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and SportProvinces in the North of the Netherlands (Drenthe, Friesland, Groningen)University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen University
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSociodemographic and lifestyle factors may be related to the use of cosmetic procedures with potential adverse skin effects, such as hair dye use.

objectivesTo investigate the association of several sociodemographic and lifestyle factors with (adverse skin reactions to) hair dye use in the Dutch general population.

methodsThis cross-sectional study used questionnaire-derived data from the population-based Lifelines cohort regarding lifetime hair dye use and adverse skin reactions (n = 70 987). Logistic regression analyses investigated associations of sociodemographic factors (ethnicity, hair colour, marital status, educational attainment, income, neighbourhood socioeconomic status) and lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, and body mass index [BMI]) with adverse skin reactions to hair dye use.

resultsHair dye use was significantly positively associated with having dark blonde or brown hair colour, lower educational attainment, smoking, daily alcohol consumption and higher BMI. Hair dye use was significantly negatively associated with having red or auburn hair colour. Furthermore, adverse skin reactions to hair dye were significantly positively associated with higher BMI.

conclusionsOur findings highlight several positive associations between sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and both hair dye use and its adverse skin reactions. Notably, elevated BMI was consistently positively associated with both hair dye use and adverse skin reactions.

Indexed as

Dermatitis, Allergic ContactHair DyesLife StyleAdultAgedAlcohol DrinkingBody Mass IndexCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHair ColorHumansMaleMiddle AgedNetherlandsSmokingSociodemographic FactorsHair Dyescontact allergygeneral populationhair colouranthair dyelifestyleskin reactionsociodemographicsocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID41265864
PMCPMC12793819

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.