SynthesisActa neuropsychiatrica2025
Exosomes: New biomarker and therapeutic candidates in autism spectrum disorder research.
Synthesis in Acta neuropsychiatrica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThere is no recognised cure or specific biomarker for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Exosomes are small vesicles that carry proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. They have been investigated for diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s. As the conclusions were on the biological utility of exosomes as a non-invasive brain biopsy, some animal, human and in vitro exosome studies have also been presented in the ASD field. The purpose of this review is to compile the studies that have established a relationship between ASD and exosomes so far and discuss their potential for linking the gap between the laboratory and clinic.
methodsIn this systematic review, 31 PubMed articles were identified using the keywords ‘exosomal’, ‘exosome and ‘autism spectrum disorder’. After excluding 16 reviews, 4 irrelevant studies and 1 preprint, and adding 5 relevant articles, 15 research articles were included based on PRISMA criteria. The articles were investigated and reviewed by both authors. Their methodology and results are also discussed according to two main streams in studies.
resultsNumerous studies have identified potential biomarkers, including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA7S), cytokines including IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6, and different types of RNAs by comparing the exosomal contents of ASD patients or models with controls. In studies that focused on treatment, behavioural improvements were shown in ASD model mice.
conclusionSince there are presently no reliable biomarkers or effective treatments for ASD, exosome-based research offers a promising avenue for early diagnosis and the creation of tailored therapies.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.