Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41268107›Full record

ReviewMed-X2025

Optical strategies for in vivo retinal ganglion cell imaging.

Justin Chen, Raymond Fang, Xiaorong Liu, Hao F Zhang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Med-X, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Justin ChenDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0827-5872
Raymond FangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA.
Xiaorong LiuDepartment of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA.
Hao F ZhangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5089-1196

Funding

Clinical glaucoma management enabled by visible-light OCTU01EY033001 · NEI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY · PI SCHUMAN, JOEL S, ZHANG, HAO F · 2021 to 2025
$3.2M
In Vivo Function and Metabolism Evaluation of Glaucomatous RGCs by Two-Photon Scanning Laser OphthalmologyR01EY034353 · NEI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Yang Hu, Hao F Zhang · 2023 to 2026
$2.7M
Novel ocular imaging and molecular analysis of anterior eye segment for glaucomaR01EY034740 · NEI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI Tsutomu Kume, Hao F Zhang · 2023 to 2026
$2.7M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY034353NEI NIH HHS R01 EY034740NEI NIH HHS U01 EY033001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are essential in transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain, and their impairment has been linked to glaucoma and various neuro-ophthalmic diseases. In vivo imaging of RGC morphology and functionality is crucial for understanding the pathophysiology of retinal disease caused by RGC degeneration and their responses to treatments. This review provides a comprehensive overview of optical technologies suitable for in vivo RGC imaging. First, we compare scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, optical coherence tomography, and two-photon imaging and discuss their effectiveness in quantifying RGC damage in retinal disorders. Then, we discuss how functional vascular imaging techniques and specialized fluorophores, such as capQ and GCaMP, can be exploited to provide deeper insights into the physiology of RGCs. Lastly, we highlight the clinical translation of these imaging modalities, emphasizing handheld devices and clinical workflows to improve the image acquisition process. We also highlight the emerging role of machine learning, which automates tasks such as segmentation and disease classification to improve the efficiency of large data analysis. Graphical Abstract:

Indexed as

Calcium imagingOptical coherence tomographyRetinal ganglion cellScanning laser ophthalmoscopyTwo-photon imaging

Identifiers

PMID41268107
PMCPMC12628489

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.