Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41268161›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2025

Comparison of topical hypericum perforatum and metformin effectiveness in wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Banu Turhan, Sönmez Sağlam, Mücahit Osman Yücel, Raşit Emin Dalaslan, Mehmet Ali Sungur, Fatih Demir, Zekeriya Okan Karaduman, Mehmet Arıcan

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Banu TurhanDepartment of Pediatric Endocrinology, Atatürk Sanatoryum Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye.
Sönmez SağlamDepartment of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Düzce University Medical Faculty, Düzce, Türkiye.
Mücahit Osman YücelDepartment of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Düzce University Medical Faculty, Düzce, Türkiye.
Raşit Emin DalaslanDepartment of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Düzce University Medical Faculty, Düzce, Türkiye.
Mehmet Ali SungurDepartment of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Düzce University Medical Faculty, Düzce, Türkiye.
Fatih DemirDepartment of Pathology, Düzce University Medical Faculty, Düzce, Türkiye.
Zekeriya Okan KaradumanDepartment of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Düzce University Medical Faculty, Düzce, Türkiye.
Mehmet ArıcanDepartment of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Düzce University Medical Faculty, Düzce, Türkiye.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: Our study aimed to assess and compare the effectiveness of topically applied Hypericum perforatum (HP) and metformin on wound healing in diabetic rats. Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats (8-10 weeks old, 250 ± 50g) were divided into four groups of eight rats each: Control, Diabetes mellitus (DM), Metformin (Met), and HP. Diabetes was induced in all experimental rats except the control group using streptozotocin (STZ) (60mg/kg, intraperitoneal). A full-thickness skin defect was created in all rats. Two milliliters (ml) of sterile saline were administered to the Control and DM groups, two ml of metformin (10% gel, topical) to the Met group, and two ml of HP (olive oil extract) to the HP group, repeated every 24 hours for 14 days. The condition of the lesions was monitored on days 0, 3, 7, 10, and 14, and the extent of contraction and granulation tissue formation was documented. At the 14 Results: The baseline characteristics of the rats before the study showed no significant differences between the groups (p>0.05). The HP group had the smallest final wound size and the highest wound contraction percentages from day 0 to 14 (p<0.001 for both). There was no statistically significant difference among the groups in the collagen index (p=0.118). The fibroblast density scores in the DM group were significantly lower than those in the other groups (p=0.004). The hypertrophic index values of the HP group were the highest compared to the other groups (p=0.003). Although the HP and control groups exhibited higher TGF-β percentages and H scores than the other groups, these differences were not statistically significant (p=0.660 and p=0.647). Conclusion: Topically applied HP in uncontrolled DM rats improved wound healing scores more than the non-diabetic controls. Metformin also significantly enhanced healing in DM rats, with results comparable to controls. Since HP and metformin are easily accessible, further research could lead to cost-effective treatments for wound healing issues in DM patients.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalHypericumHypoglycemic AgentsMetforminPlant ExtractsWound HealingAdministration, TopicalAnimalsMaleRatsRats, WistarSkinStreptozocinHypoglycemic AgentsMetforminPlant ExtractsStreptozocindiabetes mellitusHypericum perforatummetforminratwound healing

Identifiers

PMID41268161
PMCPMC12626814

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.