ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Age-stratified risk factors and predictive models for progression to lupus nephritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a review.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Factors associated with renal relapse in lupus nephritis after remission: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2026Review
- TLR7 and TLR9 have overlapping but distinct roles in systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Serum uric acid in systemic lupus erythematosus with preserved renal function: a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a highly heterogeneous autoimmune disorder, and lupus nephritis (LN) is one of its most severe organ manifestations. The age at disease onset is a critical factor influencing the clinical phenotype, disease progression, and prognosis of SLE. However, few studies have specifically focused on the age-stratified risk of developing LN. This review examines the age-related clinical and immunological features of SLE and the risk factors associated with progression to LN. In addition, it systematically evaluates how current LN risk prediction models incorporate age as a variable. Although many existing models include age, a significant gap remains-no tools have been specifically designed to assess LN risk across different age groups. Therefore, developing age-specific LN risk prediction models and tailored management strategies is crucial to improving patient outcomes. Such approaches would enable the early identification of high-risk patients and facilitate individualized interventions, ultimately leading to improved long-term renal outcomes for patients with SLE.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.