Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41269407›Full record

ArticleDiscover oncology2025

Development and validation of nomograms for distant metastasis and prognosis of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors.

Changyan Xu, Yuxi Feng, Jinyi Xu, Wei Wang, Heng Huang, Jiwei Wang, Bin Lai

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Discover oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Changyan Xu *Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
Yuxi Feng *Ganzhou People's Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
Jinyi XuDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
Wei WangDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
Heng HuangDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
Jiwei WangDepartment of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China. wangjiwei167@163.com.
Bin LaiDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China. vincent83126@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSmall intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) are difficult to diagnose early and are associated with a poor prognosis due to distant metastasis (DM). This study aims to develop and validate two prediction models to predict risk of DM and prognosis of SI-NETs patients with DM.

methodsThis study included patients diagnosed with SI-NETs from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2000 and 2021. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for DM. A nomogram was developed using these factors to predict the risk of DM. Separately, for prognostic modeling, patients with DM were selected. Candidate prognostic variables were first screened using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression to reduce dimensionality and avoid overfitting. Variables retained by LASSO were then entered into a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, and only those with a significance level of P < 0.05 were considered independent prognostic factors and used to construct the final prognostic nomogram. Both nomograms were rigorously validated using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA). Kaplan-Meier analysis was employed to evaluate survival differences between risk groups stratified by the prognostic nomogram.

resultsA total of 4,046 patients with SI-NETs were enrolled in this study, of whom 882 had DM at initial diagnosis. Primary site, grade, histological type, T stage, N stage, and tumor size were independent predictive factors of DM (p < 0.05). Sex, age, grade, histological type, surgery and chemotherapy were independent risk factors for prognosis in SI-NETs patients with DM (p < 0.05). The nomogram models demonstrated robust accuracy in predicting both DM risk and prognostic outcomes.

conclusionIn conclusion, we constructed a new DM risk nomogram model and a new prognostic nomogram model for SI-NETs patients, which provides a decision-making reference for individualized treatment of clinical patients.

Indexed as

Distant metastasisNomogramPrognosisSEERSmall intestine neuroendocrine tumors

Identifiers

PMID41269407
PMCPMC12638566

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.