Evidence mapPaperPMID 41269455Full record

ReviewMolecular neurobiology2025

Surface Problem: Unveiling Extracellular Vesicles Surface Markers and Their Implications for Central Nervous System Diseases' Diagnosis and Treatment.

Stanislav Gruzdev, Alexander Yakovlev

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Molecular neurobiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Stanislav GruzdevInstitute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Butlerova Str., 5A, Moscow, 1174853, Russia. s.gruzdev@ihna.ru.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-0816
Alexander YakovlevInstitute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Butlerova Str., 5A, Moscow, 1174853, Russia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a broad category of small vesicles released by cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that facilitate intercellular communication and contribute to various diseases. In neuroscience, one of the most important and well-characterized EV subtypes is exosomes. However, current issues with EV nomenclature make it difficult to draw firm conclusions due to variability in usage across different studies. One solution to overcome this challenge is to use established markers for isolating different types of CNS-derived EVs. This article provides an up-to-date list of potential EV markers, focusing on surface markers. We discuss the role of EVs in CNS diseases and explore each candidate's potential to be used as a specific EV surface marker. We also highlight how non-adherence to EV nomenclature leads to confusion and misuse of EV markers. Additional challenges in EV research, such as isolation methods and the lack of comparative studies between plasma and tissue-derived EVs, are discussed. Providing a list of new possible CNS-derived EV marker candidates can lead to more precise isolation and description of EVs, thereby enhancing our understanding of EV signaling and advancing our knowledge of neurological diseases.

Indexed as

BiomarkersCentral Nervous System DiseasesExtracellular VesiclesAnimalsExosomesHumansBiomarkersBiomarkerExosomesExtracellular vesiclesL1CAMSurface markersSurfaceome

Identifiers

PMID41269455

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.