Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41270217›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026

Targeting the SOX9/TIMP1 Axis with iRGD-Conjugated Nanoplatform Enhances Dendritic Cell Function and Photodynamic Immunotherapy in Gastric Cancer.

Banghua Zhong, Yijie Zhang, Honghu Wang, Lili Guo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Banghua ZhongDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
Yijie ZhangDepartment of Hepatobiliary and Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
Honghu WangDepartment of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
Lili GuoDepartment of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3393-0601

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) remains a therapeutic challenge due to its immunosuppressive microenvironment. This study reveals that the SOX9/TIMP1/FAK/PI3K axis impedes dendritic cell (DC) maturation and antitumor immunity in GC, using integrated single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST-seq) analysis. Irgd-conjugated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) co-loaded with small interfering RNA targeting SOX9 (si-SOX9), the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6), and L-arginine (L-Arg) (termed iRGD NPs@si-SOX9/CL) are developed to simultaneously disrupt this immunosuppressive axis and amplify photodynamic therapy (PDT). In vitro, these NPs enhance cellular uptake and lysosomal escape, suppressing SOX9 expression and generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) upon near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. This dual action significantly inhibits GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoting DC maturation (evidenced by elevated CD80/CD86 expression) and CD8⁺ T-cell activation. In vivo, iRGD modification boosts tumor accumulation of NPs, and NP-mediated PDT synergized with SOX9 silencing to suppress tumor growth in GC xenografts. Mechanistically, NPs@si-SOX9/CL blocks SOX9-driven transcriptional activation of TIMP1, reversing FAK/PI3K signaling and restoring DC function. Consequently, tumor-infiltrating mature DCs and cytotoxic T lymphocytes increase significantly, reshaping the immunosuppressive niche. This nanoplatform offers a promising strategy to augment GC immunotherapy by precisely targeting tumor-intrinsic immunosuppression and potentiating PDT efficacy.

Indexed as

Dendritic CellsPhotochemotherapySOX9 Transcription FactorStomach NeoplasmsTissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1AnimalsCell Line, TumorChlorophyllidesHumansImmunotherapyMiceNanoparticlesOligopeptidesarginyl-glycyl-aspartic acidChlorophyllidesOligopeptidesSOX9 protein, humanSOX9 Transcription FactorTissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1dendritic cell maturationgastric cancer immunotherapyphotodynamic therapySOX9/TIMP1 signaling axistargeted nanoparticles

Identifiers

PMID41270217
PMCPMC12806509

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.