ArticleLaboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology2026
Comparative Evaluation of Antibody-Oligonucleotide Conjugation Strategies for Multiplexed Imaging Applications.
Article in Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- HIRA-mediated H3.3 deposition preserves hepatocyte cell identity during liver aging.Research square · 2026Article
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10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates (AOCs) have emerged as versatile tools with applications spanning diagnostics, therapeutics, and high-dimensional imaging. One major application of these is in multiplexed imaging techniques, such as CO-Detection by indEXing, which allow for the visualization of tissue networks at the single-cell level. In this study, we evaluated 4 methods-maleimide-modified, amine-modified, dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)-modified, and a site-specific enzyme-based method-to optimize the generation of AOCs for multiplexed imaging applications. Our assessment focused on key performance parameters, including conjugation efficiency, signal brightness, stability, reproducibility, and cost-effectiveness. Each conjugation chemistry proved effective, though the azide chemistry with DBCO oligonucleotides demonstrated more consistent conjugation success and stable signal retention over time. Compared with other protocols, this method produced reliably bright images and offered a more favorable cost profile, as further confirmed in a full-scale CO-Detection by indEXing multiplexed imaging experiment that yielded reproducible spatial data. The observed stability and reproducibility of the DBCO approach suggest that it may help reduce reagent waste and labor costs while facilitating the development of more comprehensive antibody panels. These findings indicate that the DBCO-modified oligonucleotide conjugation method is a valuable option for generating AOCs for multiplexed imaging and target current shortcomings, enabling more consistent, broader, and deeper multiplexed profiling.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.