Evidence mapPaperPMID 41275208Full record

ArticleNutrition journal2025

Associations of vegetable and fruit consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the Japanese population: the Japan multi-institutional collaborative cohort study.

Yasufumi Kato, Takashi Tamura, Kenji Wakai, Yoko Kubo, Rieko Okada, Takashi Matsunaga, Mako Nagayoshi, Nahomi Imaeda, Chiho Goto, Jun Otonari and 20 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrition journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

30 authors.

Yasufumi KatoDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan. katoyasufumi910@gmail.com.
Takashi TamuraDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
Kenji WakaiDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
Yoko KuboDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
Rieko OkadaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
Takashi MatsunagaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
Mako NagayoshiDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
Nahomi ImaedaDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Wellness, Shigakkan University, Obu, Japan.
Chiho GotoDepartment of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
Jun OtonariDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
Hiroaki IkezakiDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
Megumi HaraDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
Yuichiro NishidaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
Nobuaki MichihataCancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan.
Yohko NakamuraCancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan.
Shiroh TanoueDepartment of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
Rie IbusukiDepartment of International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
Sadao SuzukiDepartment of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
Takahiro OtaniDepartment of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
Yuriko N KoyanagiDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.
Hidemi ItoDivision of Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.
Etsuko OzakiDepartment of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Isao WatanabeDepartment of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Kiyonori KurikiLaboratory of Public Health, Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
Naoyuki TakashimaDepartment of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Naoko MiyagawaDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Sakurako Katsuura-KamanoDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan.
Takeshi WatanabeDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan.
Asahi HishidaDepartment of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan.
Keitaro MatsuoDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCohort studies in Western countries have shown positive long-term benefits of vegetable and fruit consumption in relation to mortality. However, specific characteristics of Asian dietary patterns may modify these associations, and previous studies have limitations.

methodsIn the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study, we followed mortality in 34,523 men and 46,888 women. We used a validated food frequency questionnaire to assess these participants’ vegetable and fruit intakes. We estimated the hazard ratio by sex for all-cause and cause-specific mortality according to quintiles (Q1–Q5) of vegetable and fruit intakes and adjusted for covariates.

resultsWe identified 3340 deaths during the follow-up (mean follow-up, 10.7 years). Vegetable intake was significantly and inversely associated with all-cause mortality (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.91 [0.79–1.04] for Q2, 0.84 [0.73–0.96] for Q3, 0.89 [0.78–1.02] for Q4, and 0.83 [0.73–0.95] for Q5; all compared with Q1) and cardiovascular disease mortality (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.75 [0.53–1.07] for Q2, 0.58 [0.40–0.84] for Q3, 0.47 [0.32–0.70] for Q4, and 0.63 [0.44–0.90] for Q5). We observed no significant associations between vegetable intake and cancer mortality. We also found no significant associations of vegetable intake in women or fruit intake in both men and women with all-cause mortality, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other-cause mortality, except for an inverse association of fruit intake with cardiovascular disease mortality in men < 60 years old, and a negative correlation of vegetable intake with other-cause mortality in women with carbohydrate or rice intake less than the median.

conclusionsMen with higher vegetable intake had a lower risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in our Japanese cohort.

Indexed as

DietFruitVegetablesAdultAgedCardiovascular DiseasesCause of DeathCohort StudiesEast Asian PeopleFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansJapanMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsCohort studyFruitJapanMortalityVegetables

Identifiers

PMID41275208
PMCPMC12764019

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.