Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41275257›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Prevalence and comorbidity of mental health concerns, alcohol and drug use among young women in the urban slums of Kampala, Uganda: findings from the TOPOWA study.

Monica H Swahn, Jane Palmier, Charles Natuhamya, Kate Mobley, Kevin B Gittner, Matthew Lyons, Godfrey S Bbosa, Gideon Matovu, Frank Mubiru, Anna Kavuma

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Monica H SwahnSchool of Public Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. swahnm@vcu.edu.
Jane PalmierSchool of Public Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Charles NatuhamyaUganda Youth Development Link, Kampala, Uganda.
Kate MobleySchool of Data Science and Analytics, College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA.
Kevin B GittnerSchool of Data Science and Analytics, College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA.
Matthew LyonsWellstar College of Health and Human Services, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA.
Godfrey S BbosaDepartment of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.
Gideon MatovuUganda Youth Development Link, Kampala, Uganda.
Frank MubiruUganda Youth Development Link, Kampala, Uganda.
Anna KavumaUganda Youth Development Link, Kampala, Uganda.

Funding

TOPOWA Study: Social Drivers of Mental Illness among AGYW in Slums.R01MH128930 · NIMH · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI Monica H Swahn · 2022 to 2026
$3.4M
NIMH NIH HHS R01MH128930
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundYoung women in Kampala’s urban slums face a growing public health crisis as mental health issues and substance use escalate, fueled by poverty, violence, and limited access to care. These overlapping challenges significantly heighten the risks of suicide, premature mortality, and diminished quality of life. This study investigates the prevalence of mental health concerns, substance use, and their co-occurrence among this vulnerable population in Kampala, Uganda.

methodsData were drawn from the ongoing TOPOWA study, involving 300 women recruited via convenience sampling in 2023 from three study sites (i.e., Banda, Bwaise, and Makindye). Baseline assessments examined the prevalence and associations between mental health outcomes (i.e., anxiety, depression, suicidality), substance use (i.e., alcohol, drugs), and self-rated mental health (SRMH).

resultsDepression (57.7%) was the most prevalent mental health condition, followed by suicidality (46.0%) and anxiety (34.7%). The prevalence of alcohol and drug use were 27.7% and 10.7%, respectively. More than two-fifths (45.7%) reported multiple mental health conditions, which increased the likelihood of substance use. Low SRMH was significantly higher among women with anxiety, depression, suicidality, and drug use, although alcohol use alone was not significantly associated with low SRMH.

conclusionMental health concerns and comorbidity were commonly noted among the young women and were strongly associated with substance use. These findings highlight the need for integrated mental health interventions to address the complex challenges faced by young women in Kampala’s slums, and especially the impact of comorbidity on mental health satisfaction.

Indexed as

Mental DisordersPoverty AreasSubstance-Related DisordersUrban PopulationAdolescentAdultComorbidityFemaleHumansPrevalenceUgandaYoung AdultAnxietyComorbidityDepressionMental healthSubstance useSuicidality

Identifiers

PMID41275257
PMCPMC13059395

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.