ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2026
Estimating days needed for dietary assessment in pregnancy: a modeling study.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundDietary assessment is essential for understanding associations between diet and health. The number of days of dietary data collection must account for high variation in daily intakes, while balancing accuracy with participant burden. Although several methods exist for determining the optimal amount, few have been applied to pregnancy.
objectivesThis study aimed to algorithmically determine the number of days needed to accurately estimate key dietary characteristics: energy, macronutrients, macronutrient density, diet quality, and intake timing during pregnancy.
methodsWe analyzed dietary data from 147 pregnant individuals in the Temporal Research in Eating, Nutrition, and Diet during Pregnancy study. Each participant provided ≤28 d of image-based dietary records to determine nutrients. Using mixed-effects models and assuming the only source of error is day-to-day variation in diet, we calculated the number of days required for the correlation between estimated and true intake to be ≥0.90 (N
resultsWithin-person coefficient of variation (CV
conclusionsWe provide a new approach to estimating required dietary days to inform future study design. Existing studies may be underpowered, and cohort estimates may overstate individual-level accuracy.
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