Evidence mapPaperPMID 41277371Full record

ReviewObesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity2026

The Double-Edged Sword of Gestational Insulin Resistance: Navigating Maternal Adaptation and Its Risks for Pregnancy and Offspring Health.

Runyu Du, Fei Wang, Ling Li, Qiuyue Wang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Observational
  2. Review
  3. The Double-Edged Sword of Gestational Insulin Resistance: Navigating Maternal Adaptation and Its Risks for Pregnancy and Offspring Health.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026
    Review
  4. Special Issue "Molecular Insight into Gestational Diabetes Mellitus".International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Runyu DuDepartment of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7460-4734
Fei WangDepartment of Pediatric, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Ling LiDepartment of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Qiuyue WangDepartment of Endocrinology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.

Funding

345 Talent Project of Shengjing HospitalNational Natural Science Foundation of China 82200930Science Foundation of the Liaoning Department of Science and Technology 2024JH2/102600326
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although much research focuses on the effects of hyperglycemia during pregnancy on maternal and offspring health, this narrative review specifically centers on the role of insulin resistance (IR) in pregnancy complications and offspring long-term health. Although hyperglycemia and IR are closely intertwined, this review deliberately prioritizes IR as a distinct yet interconnected factor driving metabolic dysfunction. During pregnancy, IR naturally increases to support fetal development. However, when IR becomes excessive, it can lead to metabolic disturbances and placental dysfunction. These conditions elevate the risk of pregnancy complications, impair fetal development, and adversely affect the long-term metabolic and cognitive health of the offspring. This review explores key factors influencing pregnancy-related IR, including genetic predisposition, lifestyle, physiological adaptations, hormonal fluctuations, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. It further examines how these factors worsen maternal metabolic imbalances and contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes, including gestational hyperglycemia and hypertensive disorders, as well as their effects on neonatal complications and the long-term health of the offspring. Notably, this review is one of the first to address the transgenerational inheritance of IR, highlighting potential mechanisms such as epigenetic modifications, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the vertical transmission of altered maternal microbiota. In addition, we outline various preventive and therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating these issues. These strategies include lifestyle changes, pharmacological treatments, nutritional supplementation, and emerging therapies such as mitochondrial-derived peptides and adipokine inhibitors. This narrative review provides a focused perspective on how pregnancy-related IR influences maternal and offspring health, offering insights for future clinical management and research.

Indexed as

Insulin ResistancePregnancy ComplicationsPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsAdaptation, PhysiologicalDiabetes, GestationalFemaleFetal DevelopmentHumansPregnancygestational insulin resistanceoffspring healthpregnancy complicationstransgenerational inheritance

Identifiers

PMID41277371
PMCPMC13008605

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.