Trial reportBrain communications2025
Cognitive and affective psychoeducation for Long COVID: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in Brain communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Long COVID is a complex condition characterized by persistent symptoms, including cognitive difficulties and fatigue, which significantly impact daily functioning. Although various intervention strategies inspired by approaches used in the rehabilitation of other neurological conditions have been developed to address these issues, evidence of their efficacy in Long COVID populations remains limited. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness for cognitive complaints of two psychoeducational interventions-one focused on cognitive difficulties and the other on affective symptoms in Long COVID patients with cognitive problems. COVCOG (Long COVID: treatment of cognitive difficulties) is a randomized controlled trial using a parallel two-group design. Long COVID patients underwent neuropsychological assessments at pre-, 2- and 8-month post-intervention. The intervention comprised four 90-min sessions of either a cognitive-focused or an affective-focused psychoeducational programme. The effects were measured on cognitive complaints (primary outcome), cognitive performance, fatigue, sleep difficulties, quality of life, psychological distress, and impact on work and daily activities (secondary outcomes). Linear mixed models (LMMs) were used. One hundred and thirty Long COVID patients were randomized. One hundred and twenty-two (mean age: 47 ± 10; 69.7% female) were included (63 in the cognitive group and 59 in the affective group). The low dropout rate (12% at 2 months and 9% at 8 months post-intervention) and the patients' substantial active engagement-92% attended all intervention sessions-assured the feasibility of both interventions. LMM analysis revealed a statistically significant improvement with time in subjective cognitive complaints, objective cognitive performance (attention, working memory and long-term memory), quality of life, fatigue, sleep, some psychological distress subscales and work impairment (all
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