Evidence mapPaperPMID 41278446Full record

Trial reportWorld journal of diabetes2025

Impact of achieving glycated hemoglobin targets on cardiovascular events/mortality:

Alfredo Caturano, Vittorio Simeon, Raffaele Galiero, Vincenzo Russo, Luca De Nicola, Paolo Chiodini, Luca Rinaldi, Erica Vetrano, Teresa Salvatore, Caterina Conte and 5 more

Abstract readClinical Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in World journal of diabetes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Alfredo CaturanoDepartment of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma University, Rome 00166, Italy.
Vittorio SimeonDepartment of Physical and Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Campania, Italy.
Raffaele GalieroDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Campania, Italy.
Vincenzo RussoDepartment of Medical Translational Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, Napoli 80100, Campania, Italy.
Luca De NicolaDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Campania, Italy.
Paolo ChiodiniDepartment of Physical and Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Campania, Italy.
Luca RinaldiDepartment of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso 86100, Molise, Italy.
Erica VetranoDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Campania, Italy.
Teresa SalvatoreDepartment of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Campania, Italy.
Caterina ConteDepartment of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma University, Rome 00166, Italy. caterina.conte@uniroma5.it.
Carlo AciernoInfection Disease Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Regionale San Carlo, Potenza 85100, Basilicata, Italy.
Celestino SarduDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Campania, Italy.
Raffaele MarfellaDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Campania, Italy.
Roberto MinutoloDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Campania, Italy.
Ferdinando C SassoDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Campania, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAchieving optimal glycemic control is a cornerstone of cardiovascular risk reduction in type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the extent to which multifactorial interventions influence this relationship remains uncertain.

aimTo evaluate the association between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) target achievement and long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients receiving standard of care (SoC) or multifactorial intensive therapy (MT).

methodsThis

resultsDuring a median follow-up of 12.1 years, 190 MACEs and 139 deaths occurred. Achievement of the HbA1c target was not associated with reduced mortality in either group. However, a significant reduction in MACEs was observed only among SoC patients achieving HbA1c ≤ 7% (

conclusionIn high-risk patients with T2D receiving standard care, achieving an HbA1c ≤ 7% was associated with fewer cardiovascular events only under standard care, but not with reduced mortality. This association was not observed in patients managed with a multifactorial strategy. These findings suggest that the prognostic value of glycemic control depends on the broader treatment context and highlight the central role of comprehensive risk factor management in microvascular-complicated T2D.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular diseasesDiabetic complicationsGlycated hemoglobinMultifactorial interventionRisk factorsType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID41278446
PMCPMC12635759

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.