Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41278475›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2025

Impact of metagenomic sequencing on clinical outcomes in patients with suspected central nervous system infections: a retrospective case-control study.

Wenyan An, Yandong Zhang, Yong Liu, Tianshi Yang, Shiqi Bai, Peiwen Zhou, Junzhuo Si, Yuan Zhao, Yulu He, Yijia Pan and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Wenyan An *Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Yandong Zhang *Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Yong LiuGenetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Tianshi YangGenetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Shiqi BaiGenetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Peiwen ZhouGenetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Junzhuo SiGenetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Yuan ZhaoGenetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Yulu HeGenetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Yijia PanGenetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Yanfang JiangGenetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: Although the value of metagenomic sequencing (mNGS) in diagnosing pathogens in central nervous system infections (CNSi) has been confirmed, its impact on the clinical outcomes of patients remains to be elucidated. This study intended to investigate the clinical impact of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) mNGS on the outcomes of patients with suspected CNSi. Methods: Between January 2022 and July 2024, patients who met both the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study and assigned to either the mNGS group (CSF tested by both mNGS and conventional microbiological tests [CMTs]) or the CMT group (CMTs alone). Following this, propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to balance baseline differences. The primary endpoint, time to clinical improvement, was then compared between the two groups and analyzed in stratified subgroups. Secondary endpoints included the rates of clinical improvement at 14 and 30 days, hospital stay, in-hospital mortality, and the proportion of GCS score <15. Results: A retrospective analysis of 338 patients was conducted, with 169 cases in each group. In the mNGS group, a comparison of diagnostic performance between the two testing methods demonstrated that mNGS yielded a significantly higher positivity rate in patients with CNSi compared to CMTs (67.5% vs. 18.3%, p < 0.001), identifying 111 pathogens in total, which was substantially more than the 24 detected by CMTs. Subsequent comparison of clinical outcomes between the groups showed that the duration until clinical improvement was significantly reduced in the mNGS group when compared to the CMT group (median: 14 days vs. 17 days; p=0.032). Moreover, a significantly higher percentage of patients in the mNGS group experienced clinical improvement within 14 days compared to those in the CMT group(42.6% vs. 31.4%; p=0.032). Subgroup analysis further revealed that the mNGS group's superiority in clinical improvement over the CMT group was only evident in patients with CNSi, especially when complicated by pneumonia. Conclusion: The combination of mNGS with CMT significantly improves the clinical outcome of CNSi patients, offering greater clinical utility than traditional methods alone.

Indexed as

Central Nervous System InfectionsMetagenomicsAdultAgedCase-Control StudiesFemaleHospital MortalityHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTreatment Outcomeantibiotic therapycentral nervous system infectionscerebrospinal fluidclinical outcomemNGS

Identifiers

PMID41278475
PMCPMC12634551

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.