Evidence mapPaperPMID 41278608Full record

ReviewAmerican journal of cardiovascular disease2025

Advances in cardiovascular gene therapy: a systematic review of nanoparticle-based delivery strategies for atherosclerosis.

Mahan Khani, Kianoush Shahryari, Samira Masoumi, Maryam Alipour, Zahra Mirzaye, Maryam Fathollahzadeh, Fatemeh Atefat, Behnaz Bastami, Mahsa Rostami Ghezeljeh, Hanie Khalili and 11 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in American journal of cardiovascular disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Mahan KhaniTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.
Kianoush ShahryariShahid Beheshti University of Medical Science Tehran, Iran.
Samira MasoumiIslamic Azad University, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch (IAUPS) Tehran, Iran.
Maryam AlipourSchool of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman, Iran.
Zahra MirzayeMedical Student at Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman, Iran.
Maryam FathollahzadehStudent Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.
Fatemeh AtefatSchool of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science Shiraz, Iran.
Behnaz BastamiKish International Campus, University of Tehran Kish Island, Iran.
Mahsa Rostami GhezeljehKerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman, Iran.
Hanie KhaliliStudent Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.
Nikoo NavidighazianiStudent Research Committee, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.
Hossein ZareSchool of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman, Iran.
Vajihe KooshamoghadamYazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd, Iran.
Sepehr RamezanipourStudent Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences Fasa, Iran.
Ghazaleh ElahabadiDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad, Iran.
Samaneh DodgeSchool of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science Tehran, Iran.
Faizeh ParvandiFaculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.
Tina FattahiIslamic Azad University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.
Amirhosein Ghafouri-AsbaghResearch Center for Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.
Farbod KhosraviSchool of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.
Mahsa Asadi AnarSchool of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAtherosclerosis (AS), the primary cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, involves chronic vascular inflammation and plaque formation. While conventional therapies target systemic risk factors, their limited plaque-specific effects and adverse profiles have driven the exploration of targeted delivery systems. Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of nucleic acid therapies offers a promising strategy to modulate inflammation and promote plaque regression at the molecular level. This study aimed to systematically evaluate recent preclinical evidence on the effectiveness of functionalized nanoparticles for delivering nucleic acid-based therapies to atherosclerotic plaques.

methodsThis systematic review, conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, evaluated preclinical studies published between 2018 and 2024 that utilized nanoparticles to deliver siRNA, miRNA inhibitors, or antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to atherosclerotic plaques. Data extraction included nanoparticle type, targeting ligands, size, loading efficiency, administration route, and therapeutic outcomes. Comparative figures were generated, including a bar chart of plaque reduction efficacy by nanoparticle type and a qualitative heatmap mapping functionalization strategies to molecular targets.

resultsFifteen animal studies met the inclusion criteria. Nanoparticles varied in size (5-190 nm), composition (cyclodextrin, gold, polymeric, lipid-based), and targeting mechanisms (e.g., VCAM1, CD36, integrin ligands). High efficacy was reported for functionalized carriers targeting macrophages or inflammatory pathways, with plaque reductions up to 65.8%. Visual analyses highlighted cyclodextrin-integrin and rHDL-based systems as top-performing strategies, while a heatmap revealed preferred pairings of delivery ligands with nucleic acid targets.

conclusionFunctionalized nanoparticles demonstrate robust preclinical efficacy for delivering nucleic acids to atherosclerotic plaques. These findings support their potential for targeted, multimodal therapy in cardiovascular disease, warranting further clinical investigation into scalable, biocompatible delivery platforms.

Indexed as

Atherosclerosisdrug delivery systemsgene silencinginflammationmacrophage targetingnanomedicinenanoparticlesnucleic acid therapiesplaquestargeted therapy

Identifiers

PMID41278608
PMCPMC12629888

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.