ArticleCureus2025
Melatonin Supplementation Improves Cognitive Function in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Quasi-Experimental Study.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by dysregulation and alteration of glucose and lipid metabolism, leading to cognitive impairment. Impaired cognition is caused by a string of risk factors, among which glycemic dysregulation could be a reversible factor. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of melatonin supplementation on impaired cognition in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, as assessed by changes in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score. Method A quasi-experimental design (single-blinded) was conducted with a once-daily tablet of oral melatonin 5 mg at night for three months versus a placebo given in a cohort of 154 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus after exclusion of a prior major neurological disorder. Patients having a mild to moderate cognitive impairment diagnosed via a validated tool, MoCA, with scores ranging from 10 to 25, were randomly assigned to two treatment groups (melatonin versus placebo). A follow-up at three months was carried out for the cognition scale and biochemical markers (HbA1C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), C-reactive protein (CRP), and serum uric acid), and compared with baseline parameters for both groups. Results A total of 154 subjects with a mean (SD) age of 49.98±10.08 years, a mean (SD) HbA1C of 9.49±1.50, and 90 (58.4%) female participants were allocated into two groups, i.e., Melatonin and Placebo. At 12 weeks of treatment, the melatonin-treated group showed improved MoCA score compared with the placebo group, mean (SD) MoCA, 21.35±4.75, OR=1.84, (95%CI, 0.355-3.33); p=0.016. The melatonin group also showed improvements compared to the placebo group with mean (SD) HbA1C, 8.68±1.38, OR=-0.585 (95%CI=-1.01-0.152); p=0.008, mean (SD) LDL-c, 154±34.10, OR= 1.01, (95%CI=-9.88-11.90); p=0.854, and mean (SD) CRP, 5.80±0.39, OR=-0.181 (95%CI=-0.305-0.057); p=0.004. Conclusion Melatonin supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus led to significant improvement in cognitive function as assessed by the MoCA score, along with reductions in HbA1C and CRP levels. No significant effects were observed on LDL-c and uric acid. These findings suggest that melatonin may serve as a useful adjunctive therapy for improving cognition and certain metabolic parameters in diabetic patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.