Evidence mapPaperPMID 41284160Full record

ReviewReviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders2026

LEAP2 as a therapeutic target in obesity and cardiometabolic disorders.

Stephanie K Holm, Valdemar Brimnes Ingemann Johansen, Christoffer Clemmensen

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The evolving landscape of obesity pharmacotherapy.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Hypothalamic wars: the last nanodelivery.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026
    Review
  4. Hypothalamus-liver talks: whispers in the language of metabolism.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Stephanie K HolmNovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-9628-8285
Valdemar Brimnes Ingemann JohansenNovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-8288-1459
Christoffer ClemmensenNovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. chc@sund.ku.dk.ORCID 0000-0003-2456-9667

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Obesity is a global public health challenge intimately linked to cardiometabolic complications. Although current anti-obesity medications can produce substantial and rapid weight loss, their discontinuation often results in rapid weight regain, underscoring the urgent need for therapies that support long-term weight loss maintenance. The ghrelin receptor system, comprising the hormone ghrelin and its receptor growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR1a), has long been a target for appetite regulation, but decades of drug development have yielded limited clinical success. The recent discovery of liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2), an endogenous GHSR1a antagonist and inverse agonist, has reignited interest in this pathway. LEAP2 suppresses appetite in both rodents and humans, and optimized analogs have shown modest but promising metabolic effects in preclinical models. Although less potent than currently leading agents, LEAP2-based therapies may offer value as adjunct treatments, particularly for sustaining weight loss. This review explores the evolving therapeutic potential of the GHSR1a pathway, with a particular focus on LEAP2 as a novel strategy for treating obesity and associated cardiometabolic disorders.

Indexed as

Antimicrobial Cationic PeptidesAntimicrobial PeptidesAnti-Obesity AgentsCardiovascular DiseasesMetabolic DiseasesObesityReceptors, GhrelinAnimalsBlood ProteinsHumansAntimicrobial Cationic PeptidesAntimicrobial PeptidesAnti-Obesity AgentsBlood Proteinsliver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2, humanReceptors, GhrelinAgRP neuronsAppetite regulationCardiometabolic disordersGhrelinGHSRLEAP2Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2Obesity

Identifiers

PMID41284160

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.